{"id":1129,"date":"2012-06-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-06-29T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/tazeni-roku-1812-den-po-dni-v-pametech-ucastniku\/"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:33:04","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:33:04","slug":"tazeni-roku-1812-den-po-dni-v-pametech-ucastniku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/tazeni-roku-1812-den-po-dni-v-pametech-ucastniku\/","title":{"rendered":"Ta\u017een\u00ed roku 1812 den po dni v pam\u011btech \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div align=\"justify\">\n<p>Bernard Coppens na sv\u00e9m webu www.1789-1815.com p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011br z pam\u011bt\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f Napoleonova rusk\u00e9ho ta\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Bernard Coppens: &#8222;Pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159ed dv\u011bma sty lety Napoleon zah\u00e1jil sv\u016fj nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podnik: gigantickou expedici proti Rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i, &#8218;kolosu severu&#8216;, jak ji r\u00e1d naz\u00fdval. M\u011bl to b\u00fdt, jak tvrdil, posledn\u00ed akt jeho velk\u00e9ho boje proti Anglii, jen\u017e m\u011bl zajistit Evrop\u011b, a tedy cel\u00e9mu sv\u011btu, na dlouh\u00e9 roky, a pod Napoleonov\u00fdm osv\u00edcen\u00fdm veden\u00edm, m\u00edr. Poj\u010fme n\u00e1sledovat C\u00edsa\u0159e a jeho Velkou arm\u00e1du v jejich cest\u011b den po dni (s odstupem dvou set let). Citovan\u00e9 vzpom\u00ednky budou poch\u00e1zet z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti z p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho Napoleonova okol\u00ed: od \u010dlen\u016f jeho Domu, jeho hlavn\u00edho \u0161t\u00e1bu, a od \u010dlen\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1b\u016f Velk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. Co m\u011b p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b t\u00e9to studie nejv\u00edce p\u0159ekvapilo, byla nespo\u010detn\u00e1 varov\u00e1n\u00ed, je\u017e C\u00edsa\u0159 dost\u00e1val, ohledn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s takov\u00fdm podnikem, ohledn\u011b zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9 taktiky rusk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1bu a ohledn\u011b fat\u00e1ln\u00edho a p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9ho konce expedice.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Varov\u00e1n\u00ed, je\u017e necht\u011bl br\u00e1t v potaz, a k por\u00e1\u017ece t\u00edm st\u00e1hl nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 uskupen\u00ed, jak\u00e9 kdy bylo do t\u00e9 doby zformov\u00e1no: Velkou arm\u00e1du. Z dobov\u00e9ho tisku lze ostatn\u011b zjistit, \u017ee idea, \u017ee gigantick\u00e1 expedice do Ruska je odsouzena k jist\u00e9mu ne\u00fasp\u011bchu, byla velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena. Precedens Karla XII., \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le (1809), byl t\u00edm zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee se stal t\u00e9matem slavn\u00e9 knihy Voltairovy. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nejde o tisk francouzsk\u00fd, pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd \u0161irok\u00e9mu dohledu, v n\u011bm\u017e mohly podobn\u00e9 \u00favahy zn\u00edt. Ale existovaly v t\u00e9 dob\u011b francouzsky psan\u00e9 noviny v zem\u00edch, je\u017e napoleonsk\u00e9 dominanci unikaly: budou rovn\u011b\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bny, aby doplnily informace o rusk\u00e9m ta\u017een\u00ed. Soubor postupn\u011b dopln\u00ed tak\u00e9 vzpom\u00ednky, anal\u00fdzy, cestovn\u00ed mapy, informace o jednotk\u00e1ch a jejich uniform\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed mi budou vy\u010d\u00edtat, \u017ee n\u00e1s to vzdaluje od Waterloo&#8230; Ne, naopak, nebo\u0165 mnoho ud\u00e1lost\u00ed dne 18. \u010dervna 1815, je\u017e se zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt nevysv\u011btliteln\u00fdmi, nal\u00e9zaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed v tragick\u00e9m ta\u017een\u00ed do Ruska.&#8220;<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm t\u00e9matem Bernardova webu a st\u0159edobodem jeho publika\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti je pr\u00e1v\u011b bitva u Waterloo, o n\u00ed\u017e v roce 2010 vydal obs\u00e1hlou a diskusi vzbudiv\u0161\u00ed knihu <a href=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/bernard-coppens-waterloo-les-mensonges_a1680\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Waterloo, les mensonges<\/em><\/a>. Mnoho lid\u00ed Bernardovi vyt\u00fdk\u00e1 jeho vyhran\u011bn\u011b protinapoleonsk\u00fd postoj. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je jeho pr\u00e1ce velk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ednosem, nebo\u0165 vyva\u017euje klasick\u00e9 adora\u010dn\u00ed \u010di je\u0161t\u011b klasi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed &#8222;omluvn\u00e9&#8220; p\u0159\u00edstupy, kdy, p\u0159ipust\u00ed-li ji\u017e autor Napoleonovo d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed, m\u00e1 pro n\u011b okam\u017eit\u011b \u0159adu vysv\u011btlen\u00ed. Bernard Coppens m\u00e1 pro Napoleona minimum pochopen\u00ed a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 omluvy nehled\u00e1, ale v\u017edy stav\u00ed sv\u00e1 hodnocen\u00ed na pe\u010dliv\u011b srovnan\u00fdch pramenech.<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.1789-1815.com\/1812_camp_russie.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La Campagne de Russie 1812<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bernard Coppens na sv\u00e9m webu www.1789-1815.com p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011br z pam\u011bt\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f Napoleonova rusk\u00e9ho ta\u017een\u00ed. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14243,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129,31],"tags":[6001,6002,6003],"class_list":["post-1129","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezobrazovat-na-homepage","category-evropa-v-letech-1789-1821","tag-bernard-coppens","tag-napoleonovo-ruske-tazeni","tag-ruske-tazeni-1812"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1129","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1129"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1129\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14244,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1129\/revisions\/14244"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14243"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1129"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1129"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1129"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}