{"id":115,"date":"2003-10-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2003-10-15T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/2003\/bitva-u-lipska-19-10-1813\/"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:34:08","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:34:08","slug":"bitva-u-lipska-19-10-1813","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/bitva-u-lipska-19-10-1813\/","title":{"rendered":"Bitva u Lipska 19.10.1813"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Jeliko\u017e z\u00edtra odj\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed po\u010detn\u00e1 skupina \u010dlen\u016f C.E.N.S. do Lipska k \u00fa\u010dasti rekonstrukci tamn\u00ed pam\u00e1tn\u00e9 bitvy, rozhodli jsme se v\u00e1m tuto ud\u00e1lost p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit a poskytnout stru\u010dn\u00e9 vyl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed toho, jak tato bitva skon\u010dila a jak\u00e9 znamenala d\u016fsledky pro Evropu. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edk\u016fm akce p\u0159ejeme \u0161\u0165astnou cestu a p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed. Francouzsk\u00fdm jednotk\u00e1m obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b, proto\u017ee si jedou pro por\u00e1\u017eku, kterou ov\u0161em od\u010din\u00ed koncem listopadu na leto\u0161n\u00ed akci Austerlitz 2003&#8230;.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Po t\u0159\u00eddenn\u00edch \u00faporn\u00fdch boj\u00edch, kter\u00e9 si vy\u017e\u00e1daly mnoho ob\u011bt\u00ed, porazili u Lipska spojenci &#8211; Rusko, Prusko, Rakousko &#8211; francouzsk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e Napoleona I. T\u00e9to sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed bitvy v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo p\u016fl mili\u00f3nu voj\u00e1k\u016f. Spojenci zv\u00edt\u011bzili p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky po\u010detn\u00ed p\u0159evaze, krom\u011b toho k nim v pr\u016fb\u011bhu bitvy p\u0159eb\u011bhly Napoleonovy sask\u00e9 a w\u00fcrttembersk\u00e9 pomocn\u00e9 sbory.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Na spojeneck\u00e9 stran\u011b bojovalo kolem 330 000 voj\u00e1k\u016f, na francouzsk\u00e9 stran\u011b asi 200 000. Spojenci ztratili 52 000, Francouzi v\u00edce ne\u017e 75 000 mu\u017e\u016f. Navzdory po\u010detn\u00edmu oslaben\u00ed se Napoleon mohl ob\u010das b\u011bhem bitvy c\u00edtit jako v\u00edt\u011bz, ale kdy\u017e spojenci pln\u011b uplatnili svou p\u0159evahu, musel opustit obkl\u00ed\u010den\u00e9 m\u011bsto a pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n Prusy a Rusy ustoupil k R\u00fdnu. Po ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m ta\u017een\u00ed do Ruska znamenala bitva u Lipska dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1\u017enou Napoleonovou por\u00e1\u017eku.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Po tzv. bitv\u011b n\u00e1rod\u016f u Lipska (19. 10. 1813), kter\u00e1 skon\u010dila zdrcuj\u00edc\u00ed por\u00e1\u017ekou c\u00edsa\u0159e Napoleona I., se v Evrop\u011b rozlo\u017eil syst\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u016f, jen\u017e vytvo\u0159il. R\u00fdnsk\u00fd spolek, zalo\u017een\u00fd 12. 7. 1806 se definitivn\u011b rozpadl pot\u00e9, co z n\u011bho 4. 11. vystoupilo W\u00fcrttembersko. U\u017e na ja\u0159e roku 1813 vystoupilo ze spolku Meklenbursko a jeho p\u0159\u00edkladu n\u00e1sledovaly i dal\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159eb\u011bhnut\u00edm k protinapoleonovsk\u00e9 koalici sna\u017eily zabezpe\u010dit svou existenci.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Do Holandska se vr\u00e1til z exilu Vil\u00e9m VI., kter\u00fd v letech 1793-1794 bojoval proti francouzsk\u00fdm jednotk\u00e1m jako nizozemsk\u00fd m\u00edstodr\u017eitel. Od roku 1806 p\u0159evzal vl\u00e1du v nasavsk\u00fdch d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch zem\u00edch, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e i nad\u00e1le bojoval proti francouzsk\u00e9mu c\u00edsa\u0159i &#8211; u Jeny (1806) a u Wagramu (1809). 1. 12. vyhl\u00e1sil nez\u00e1vislost Nizozem\u00ed a p\u0159ijal titul suver\u00e9nn\u00edho kn\u00ed\u017eete. Vil\u00e9m podporoval v Nizozem\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a obchod, byl v\u0161ak proti politick\u00fdm reform\u00e1m. Ve \u0160pan\u011blsku vedla Napoleonova por\u00e1\u017eka k op\u011btovn\u00e9mu n\u00e1stupu Ferdinanda VII. na tr\u016fn (11. 12. 1813). Navzdory zm\u011bn\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 s sebou p\u0159inesla \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka za nez\u00e1vislost (2. 5. 1808) a probouzej\u00edc\u00ed se n\u00e1rodn\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed, vl\u00e1dl Ferdinand jako absolutn\u00ed vl\u00e1dce. V roce 1814 zru\u0161il c\u00e1dizskou \u00fastavu, je\u017e byla p\u0159ijata 11.\u00a03. 1812. Ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku byl zru\u0161en media\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1kon, vydan\u00fd 29.\u00a012. 1803 Napoleonem, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165oval \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fdm kanton\u016fm zna\u010dnou vz\u00e1jemnou nez\u00e1vislost. Napoleon se tak ocitl p\u0159ed epilogem sv\u00e9 cesty za ovl\u00e1dnut\u00edm Evropy.<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: Kronika lidstva (Fortuna print)<\/p>\n<p><em>Bitva n\u00e1rod\u016f u Lipska 1813 <\/em>(rytina Carla Heinricha Rahla podle kresby Johanna Adama Kleina, 19. stol.)<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/images\/ilustrace\/leipzig1813.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/images\/ilustrace\/vilem4.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Vil\u00e9m VI., suver\u00e9nn\u00ed kn\u00ed\u017ee Nizozemska, od roku 1815 kr\u00e1l (rytina)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jeliko\u017e z\u00edtra odj\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed po\u010detn\u00e1 skupina \u010dlen\u016f C.E.N.S. do Lipska k \u00fa\u010dasti rekonstrukci tamn\u00ed pam\u00e1tn\u00e9 bitvy, rozhodli jsme se v\u00e1m tuto ud\u00e1lost p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit a poskytnout stru\u010dn\u00e9 vyl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed toho, jak tato bitva skon\u010dila a jak\u00e9 znamenala d\u016fsledky pro Evropu. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edk\u016fm akce p\u0159ejeme \u0161\u0165astnou cestu a p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed. Francouzsk\u00fdm jednotk\u00e1m obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b, proto\u017ee si jedou pro por\u00e1\u017eku, kterou ov\u0161em od\u010din\u00ed koncem listopadu na leto\u0161n\u00ed akci Austerlitz 2003&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129,15,55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-115","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezobrazovat-na-homepage","category-akce-c-e-n-s-2003","category-re-enactment-ve-svete"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=115"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13869,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115\/revisions\/13869"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=115"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=115"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=115"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}