{"id":15157,"date":"2019-06-08T21:28:45","date_gmt":"2019-06-08T19:28:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/?p=15157"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:32:47","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:32:47","slug":"presporske-predmostie-1809-bianchi-kontra-davout","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/presporske-predmostie-1809-bianchi-kontra-davout\/","title":{"rendered":"Pre\u0161porsk\u00e9 predmostie 1809 \u2013 Bianchi kontra Davout"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Pre\u0161porsk\u00e9 predmostie 1809 \u2013 Bianchi kontra Davout<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>alebo<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Ako Napoleon neobliehal Bratislavu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u201e<em>Bratranec<\/em>, <em>obsa\u010fte<\/em> a <em>dobyte mi u\u017e to nepr\u00edjemn\u00e9 a\u00a0prekliate predmostie<\/em>!\u201c \u2013 Napoleon<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>29. I.<\/em><\/strong> Mohutn\u00fd \u013eadochod zahatal tok Dunaja pod Pre\u0161porkom, rieka sa vyliala do ul\u00edc mesta. Zaplaven\u00e9 bolo cel\u00e9 star\u00e9 mesto aj r\u00f4zne mestsk\u00e9 \u010dasti \u2013 najm\u00e4 Cukermandel, Promen\u00e1da, \u010dasti Vydrice a \u017didovne. Voda siahala a\u017e po Blument\u00e1l. \u0160kody na majetku mesta a\u00a0obyvate\u013eov boli vysok\u00e9, uhynulo mno\u017estvo dobytka a\u00a0\u00fa\u017eitkovej zveri. Podobne bola postihnut\u00e1 aj petr\u017ealsk\u00e1 strana brehu. Mestsk\u00e1 honor\u00e1cia reprezentovan\u00e1 knie\u017ea\u0165om Grasalkovi\u010dom, gr\u00f3fmi Zi\u010diovcami, P\u00e1llfyovcami, gr\u00f3fom Oponick\u00fdm a in\u00fdmi sa postarala o\u00a0obyvate\u013estvo. Finan\u010dn\u00fa pomoc vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 2000 zlat\u00fdch duk\u00e1tov poskytol aj uhorsk\u00fd katol\u00edcky pr\u00edmas a ostrihomsk\u00fd arcibiskup, arciknie\u017ea Karol Ambr\u00f3z. Reho\u013ea Milosrdn\u00fdch bratov sa postarala o\u00a0obyvate\u013estvo a\u00a0kapacity ich \u0161pit\u00e1la i\u00a0pri\u013eahl\u00fdch budov boli \u00faplne vy\u010derpan\u00e9. Na n\u00e1vrh vrchn\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho velenia bolo rozhodnut\u00e9 brehy Dunaja na pravom brehu opatri\u0165 hr\u00e1dzami. Za\u010dalo sa s\u00a0v\u00fdstavbou protipovod\u0148ov\u00fdch hr\u00e1dz\u00ed na pre\u0161porskom a\u00a0petr\u017ealskom dunajskom brehu.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Belagenrung-Pressburg-1809.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-15158 size-large\" title=\"Obliehanie Pre\u0161porku v roku 1809\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Belagenrung-Pressburg-1809-1024x724.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"584\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Belagenrung-Pressburg-1809-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Belagenrung-Pressburg-1809-150x106.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Belagenrung-Pressburg-1809-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Belagenrung-Pressburg-1809-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Belagenrung-Pressburg-1809-424x300.jpg 424w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Belagenrung-Pressburg-1809.jpg 1157w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>15. IV<\/em><\/strong><em>.<\/em> Rak\u00faske cis\u00e1rstvo za\u010d\u00edna vojnu proti cis\u00e1rstvu Franc\u00fazskemu. Rak\u00faske jednotky vstupuj\u00fa na \u00fazemie bavorsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1\u013eovstva, franc\u00fazskeho spojenca.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>6. V.<\/em><\/strong> Na n\u00e1vrh arciknie\u017ea\u0165a Karola \u013dudov\u00edta, generallissima c.\u00a0k. brannej moci, naria\u010fuje kr\u00e1\u013e Franti\u0161ek svojim reskriptom arciknie\u017ea\u0165u Jozefovi Antonovi, uhorsk\u00e9mu palat\u00ednovi a\u00a0svojmu miestodr\u017eite\u013eovi, urobi\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 opatrenia k\u00a0obrane Pre\u0161porka ako hlavn\u00e9ho mesta Uhorska v\u00a0prebiehaj\u00facej rak\u00fasko-franc\u00fazskej vojne. V\u00a0komisii zasadaj\u00fa v\u00fdznamn\u00ed vojensk\u00ed velitelia tej doby ako brigadier gr\u00f3f Hadik, vrchn\u00fd brigadier, slobodn\u00fd p\u00e1n Me\u0161ko, gener\u00e1lmajor M\u00e9\u010dery z\u00a0\u010c\u00f3ru, pr\u00edmas ostrihomsk\u00fd Karol Ambr\u00f3z, pe\u0161tiansky brigadier gr\u00f3f Pr\u00f3nay a\u00a0in\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00ed predstavitelia civilnej uhorskej vl\u00e1dy a\u00a0stoli\u010dnej spr\u00e1vy. Palat\u00edn Jozef Anton naria\u010fuje\u00a0vybudova\u0165 po\u013en\u00e9 opevnenia na petr\u017ealskom brehu Dunaja, a\u00a0opevni\u0165 tak toto predmostie zo smeru predpokladan\u00e9ho franc\u00fazskeho \u00fatoku na mesto od Petr\u017ealky z\u00a0viedensk\u00e9ho smeru. Na priamy pr\u00edkaz veliaceho gener\u00e1la v\u00a0Uhorsku, po\u013en\u00e9ho podmar\u0161ala Davidovi\u010da a n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edka \u0161t\u00e1bu uhorskej insurekcie, podmar\u0161ala M\u00f3rica Juraja Gom\u00e9za y Parientes prich\u00e1dza do Pre\u0161porka \u017eenijn\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1bny stotn\u00edk \u010coli\u010d a\u00a0jeho pobo\u010dn\u00edk nadporu\u010d\u00edk Hartlieb. Do svojich pl\u00e1nov zakalkulovali okrem \u010dlenit\u00e9ho ter\u00e9nu, tvoren\u00e9ho ramenami Dunaja, aj vyu\u017eitie zvy\u0161kov p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch opevnen\u00ed z\u00a0protitureck\u00fdch vojen a\u00a0\u010dasov kuruck\u00fdch povstan\u00ed, tie\u017e i hotov\u00e9 a\u00a0rozostavan\u00e9 protipovod\u0148ov\u00e9 hr\u00e1dze na pravom brehu Dunaja. Situa\u010dn\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny vypracoval brigadier Mikov\u00edny, syn zn\u00e1meho uhorsk\u00e9ho kartografa a\u00a0bl\u00edzkeho spolupracovn\u00edka Mateja Bela, Samuela Mikov\u00edniho. Pr\u00e1ce v\u0161ak pre nedostatok robotn\u00edkov napreduj\u00fa v\u00a0\u010dlenitom a\u00a0zavodnenom petr\u017ealskom ter\u00e9ne ve\u013emi pomaly, z\u00a0p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch pl\u00e1nov sa podar\u00ed skuto\u010dne realizova\u0165 pribli\u017ene tri\u0161tvrtina projektovan\u00fdch fortifik\u00e1cii na najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch smeroch predpokladan\u00e9ho \u00fatoku nepriate\u013ea. Zhotovitelia u\u017e pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa nov\u00fa mapu Uhorska od autora J\u00e1na Lipsk\u00e9ho, v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1bneho hus\u00e1rskeho d\u00f4stojn\u00edka \u2013 sl\u00fa\u017eil v\u00a0hus\u00e1rskych plukoch Jozef Anton \u010d. 2 a\u00a0Frimont \u010d. 9. Svojou kvalitou i\u00a0zna\u010den\u00edm k\u00a0nej je t\u00e1to mapa ve\u013emi vysoko hodnoten\u00e1 vo franc\u00fazskom hlavnom stane.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>12. V.<\/em><\/strong> Franc\u00fazska jazdeck\u00e1 div\u00edzia gener\u00e1la Montbrunna obch\u00e1dza Viede\u0148 a\u00a0je dislokovan\u00e1 v\u00a0Moste nad Litavou. K\u00a0jej podpore je ur\u010den\u00e1 hessensk\u00e1 pe\u0161ia brig\u00e1da. \u00dalohou tohto uskupenia je udr\u017ea\u0165 l\u00edniu Hainburg \u2013 Mo\u0161o\u0148 pred mo\u017en\u00fdm \u00fatokom na Viede\u0148 z\u00a0Uhorska. Franc\u00fazske velenie m\u00e1 neist\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy o\u00a0aktivit\u00e1ch Uhrov a\u00a0cis\u00e1rskych na pravom brehu Dunaja.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>13. V.<\/em><\/strong> P\u00e1d Viedne, s\u00eddeln\u00e9ho mesta cis\u00e1ra a\u00a0kr\u00e1\u013ea. Uhorsk\u00fd kr\u00e1\u013e Franti\u0161ek z\u00a0dvorom sa uchy\u013euje do kom\u00e1r\u0148anskej pevnosti, v\u0161etky d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 hospod\u00e1rske org\u00e1ny krajiny sa presunuj\u00fa do v\u00fdchodouhorsk\u00e9ho vn\u00fatrozemia. Kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e1 rodina sa uchy\u013euje do Ko\u0161\u00edc a\u00a0na Moravu. Napoleon sa 15. m\u00e1ja zo Schonbrunnu obracia na uhorsk\u00e9 stavy s\u00a0proklam\u00e1ciou k\u00a0vyhl\u00e1seniu nez\u00e1vislosti Uhorska. Palat\u00edn Jozef Anton vyhlasuje na n\u00e1vrh snemu na celom \u00fazem\u00ed tzv. sv\u00e4to\u0161tefanskej koruny gener\u00e1lnu insurekciu. Franc\u00fazska jazdeck\u00e1 div\u00edzia gener\u00e1la Montbrunna opatrne podnik\u00e1 prieskum z\u00a0Viedne v\u00a0smere Most nad Litavou \u2013 uhorsk\u00e1 hranica. Napoleon sa v\u00a0noci dozved\u00e1 o\u00a0vojenskej pr\u00edtomnosti Uhrov a\u00a0cis\u00e1rskych na pravom brehu Dunaja a\u00a0o\u00a0fortifika\u010dnom syst\u00e9me.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>14. V.<\/em><\/strong> Rak\u00faske velenie vysiela do opevnen\u00ed vojsko \u2013 kompletn\u00fd pe\u0161\u00ed pluk <em>Beaulieu<\/em> \u010d. 58, a\u00a0tri ne\u00fapln\u00e9 eskadr\u00f3ny \u0161valis\u00e9rskeho pluku <em>O&#8217;Reilly <\/em>\u010d. 3 \u2013 celkovo 2209 pe\u0161iakov a\u00a0213 jazdcov pod velen\u00edm gener\u00e1lmajora Hoffmeistera. N\u00e1\u010deln\u00edkom \u0161t\u00e1bu je menovan\u00fd stotn\u00edk \u010coli\u010d.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>15. V.<\/em><\/strong> Mesto odstra\u0148uje tzv. \u201elietaj\u00faci most\u201c medzi Pre\u0161porkom a\u00a0Petr\u017ealkou. Nasleduj\u00faceho d\u0148a s\u00fa z\u00a0oboch brehov stiahnut\u00e9 v\u0161etky lode a\u00a0plavidl\u00e1. Pre\u0161porok sa pripravuje na bezprostredn\u00e9 ohrozenie franc\u00fazskymi vojskami. Civili a honor\u00e1cia op\u00fa\u0161\u0165aj\u00fa mesto.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>16. V.<\/em><\/strong> Prv\u00e9 \u013eahk\u00e9 jazdeck\u00e9 prieskumn\u00e9 jednotky Franc\u00fazov dosahuj\u00fa uhorsk\u00e9ho \u00fazemia. Ut\u00e1boria sa medzi Kop\u010danmi a\u00a0Petr\u017ealkou odkia\u013e v\u00a0smere k\u00a0predmostiu podnikn\u00fa prieskum bojom. Mal\u00fd oddiel sa pok\u00fa\u0161a prekro\u010di\u0165 dunajsk\u00fd tok. V\u0161etky franc\u00fazske \u00fatoky s\u00fa v\u0161ak zo stratami na ich strane odrazen\u00e9. Franc\u00fazsky predvoj tak ustupuje do p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch poz\u00edcii pri Kop\u010danoch. \u010eal\u0161ie jednotky tvoriace druh\u00fd sled predvoja s\u00fa dislokovan\u00e9 v\u00a0priestore Rusoviec, Hainburgu a\u00a0Vl\u010din\u0161t\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>20. V.<\/em><\/strong> Rak\u00faske jednotky, dr\u017eiace predmostie, dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa posily a\u00a0z\u00e1soby. Pod Vied\u0148ou sa Rak\u00fa\u0161ania a\u00a0Franc\u00fazi stretli v\u00a0bitke pri Asproch. Arciknie\u017ea generallisimus Karol \u013dudov\u00edt por\u00e1\u017ea Napoleona v\u00a0otvorenej po\u013enej bitke ako prv\u00fd vojvodca v\u00f4bec. Porazen\u00ed Franc\u00fazi ustupuj\u00fa na ostrov Lobau.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Davout-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-15160 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Davout-1-300x289.jpg\" alt=\"Mar\u0161al Louis Davout\" width=\"300\" height=\"289\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Davout-1-300x289.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Davout-1-150x144.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Davout-1-311x300.jpg 311w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Davout-1.jpg 654w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>26.V.<\/em><\/strong> Napoleon svojim reskriptom uklad\u00e1 mar\u0161alovi Davoutovi zmocni\u0165 sa Pre\u0161porka \u201e<em>za ka\u017ed\u00fa cenu<\/em>\u201c. Poverenie Davouta k\u00a0tejto oper\u00e1cii pramen\u00ed zo znalosti ter\u00e9nu a\u00a0krajiny, Davout toti\u017e pob\u00fdval v\u00a0Pre\u0161porku tesne pred slavkovskou bitkou na prelome novembra a\u00a0decembra roku 1805. Na rozkaz gener\u00e1la Lasalla sa franc\u00fazsky 16. j\u00e1gersk\u00fd jazdeck\u00fd pluk pres\u00fava z\u00a0Mostu nad Litavou do Vl\u010din\u0161t\u00e1lu (dnes Bruck an der Leitha a\u00a0Wolfstahl v\u00a0Rak\u00fasku) a za\u010d\u00edna zo systematick\u00fdm prieskumom v\u00a0smere Kop\u010dany \u2013 Pre\u0161porok.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>27. V.<\/em><\/strong> Zo zv\u00e4zku hlavnej arm\u00e1dy arciknie\u017ea Karol \u013dudov\u00edt vy\u010dle\u0148uje pe\u0161iu brig\u00e1du pod velen\u00edm gener\u00e1lmajora Vincenta Fridricha Bianchiho. T\u00e1 sa pres\u00fava od hlavnej arm\u00e1dy z\u00a0Moravsk\u00e9ho po\u013ea k\u00a0Pre\u0161porku a\u00a0zauj\u00edma postavenie v\u00a0po\u013en\u00fdch opevneniach na petr\u017ealskom predmost\u00ed a\u00a0jeho okol\u00ed. Tvoria ju uhorsk\u00e9 pe\u0161ie pluky <em>Gyulai<\/em> \u010d. 60 (dva pr\u00e1pory, celkovo 1266 vojakov) a\u00a0<em>Duka <\/em>\u010d. 39 (jeden a\u00a0pol pr\u00e1poru, celkovo 916 vojakov). Pluk Gyulai je takmer cel\u00fd slovensk\u00fd, Dukov pluk asi z\u00a0tretiny. Franc\u00fazske Montbrunnove a\u00a0Lasallove jazdeck\u00e9 jednotky nadv\u00e4zuj\u00fa spojenie pri Eisenstadte. Predmostie, le\u017eiace na pravom brehu Dunaja, je t\u00fdmto hermeticky obk\u013e\u00fa\u010den\u00e9 zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch str\u00e1n na viedenskom smere. S\u00eddeln\u00fd Pre\u0161porok je v\u0161ak na v\u0161etk\u00fdch smeroch zo zadunajsk\u00e9ho smeru vo\u013ene pr\u00edstupn\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Bianchi.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-15159 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Bianchi-209x300.jpg\" alt=\"Generalmajor Vinzenz Ferrerius Friedrich von Bianchi\" width=\"209\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Bianchi-209x300.jpg 209w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Bianchi-105x150.jpg 105w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Bianchi-768x1101.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Bianchi-714x1024.jpg 714w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Bianchi.jpg 879w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 209px) 100vw, 209px\" \/><\/a>1. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Vrchn\u00fdm velen\u00edm na rak\u00faskej strane je poveren\u00fd gener\u00e1lmajor Bianchi, ktor\u00fd osved\u010dil svoj rozh\u013ead u\u017e ako n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk \u0161t\u00e1bu u\u00a0Macka v\u00a0Ulme roku 1805. Bianchiho n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edkom \u0161t\u00e1bu sa st\u00e1va \u017eenijn\u00fd stotn\u00edk \u010coli\u010d, autor pl\u00e1nov po\u013en\u00fdch opevnen\u00ed a\u00a0dozoruj\u00faci stavite\u013e. Od Hainburgu priv\u00e1dza mar\u0161al Davout k\u00a0Pre\u0161porku 14 000 vojakov a\u00a030 kan\u00f3nov. Jedno kr\u00eddlo sa dopoludnia zastavuje pri Kop\u010danoch, druh\u00e9 pri Vl\u010din\u0161t\u00e1le. Stred franc\u00fazskych s\u00edl sa s\u00fastre\u010fuje na \u00fatok proti opevneniam. Pochoduj\u00facu pechotu kryje jazdectvo gener\u00e1la Lasalla.<\/p>\n<p>Popoludn\u00ed asi dvojtis\u00edcov\u00fd oddiel pod mar\u0161alom Davoutom a\u00a0gener\u00e1lom Gudinom za\u00fato\u010d\u00ed prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t proti rak\u00faskym poz\u00edci\u00e1m. Franc\u00fazi s\u00fa napriek podpore svojho delostrelectva odrazen\u00ed. Samotn\u00fa dedinu Petr\u017ealka kryje pe\u0161\u00ed pluk \u010d. 58, vzadu na predmost\u00ed a ostrovoch sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa uhorsk\u00e9 pe\u0161ie pluky \u010d. 39 a\u00a060, tie\u017e pr\u00e1por rak\u00faskej domobrany a\u00a0siln\u00e9 delostrelectvo. V\u00a0smere od paj\u0161t\u00fanskeho a dev\u00ednskeho hradu s\u00fa na pre\u0161porskom brehu rozostaven\u00e9 hliadky uhorskej insurekcie a\u00a0dolnorak\u00faskej domobrany. Franc\u00fazi v boji str\u00e1caj\u00fa asi 400 vojakov, z\u00a0toho tri \u0161tvrtiny tvoria m\u0155tvi, rak\u00faske straty \u010dinia 100 vojakov a\u00a06 d\u00f4stojn\u00edkov. V\u00a0z\u00e1vere boja je franc\u00fazska jazda, tvoren\u00e1 8. hus\u00e1rskym plukom a\u00a0plukmi jazdn\u00fdch j\u00e1grov \u010d. 13 a\u00a0\u010d. 16 z\u00a0brig\u00e1dy gener\u00e1la Lasalla, odrazen\u00e1 rak\u00faskymi \u0161valis\u00e9rmi a\u00a0uhorskou jazdnou insurekciou za podpory delostrelectva. Franc\u00fazi nedosiahli \u017eiaden taktick\u00fd \u00faspech.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>3. VI.<\/em><\/strong> \u010eal\u0161\u00ed franc\u00fazsky pokus o\u00a0dobytie Pre\u0161porka. Po obdr\u017ean\u00ed pos\u00edl pechoty a delostrelectva mal mar\u0161al Davout k\u00a0dispoz\u00edcii 18 000 vojakov. R\u00e1no na svitan\u00ed 12 000 nepriate\u013esk\u00fdch vojakov za\u00fato\u010dilo pozd\u013a\u017e celej obrannej l\u00ednie kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fdch vojsk. Petr\u017ealka \u013eahla cel\u00e1 popolom, no Franc\u00fazi op\u00e4\u0165 nedosiahli \u017eelan\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledku. Rak\u00fa\u0161ania zaplatili v\u00ed\u0165azstvo 13 d\u00f4stojn\u00edkmi a\u00a0360 vojakmi, Franc\u00fazi boli z\u00a0vysok\u00fdmi stratami odrazen\u00ed. Lassalovi hus\u00e1ri a\u00a0jazdn\u00ed j\u00e1gri, usiluj\u00faci sa o\u00a0prielom, s\u00fa op\u00e4\u0165 odrazen\u00ed rak\u00faskymi \u0161valis\u00e9rmi a\u00a0palat\u00ednov\u00fdmi insurek\u010dn\u00fdmi hus\u00e1rmi. Davout n\u00e1sledne d\u00e1va rozkaz na ostre\u013eovanie opevnen\u00ed a\u00a0Petr\u017ealky. Lasalle hl\u00e1si mar\u0161alovi Davoutovi, \u017ee jazdectvo je zbyto\u010dn\u00e9 a\u00a0nepou\u017eite\u013en\u00e9 v\u00a0priamom \u00fatoku a\u00a0navrhuje mu po\u017eiada\u0165 cis\u00e1ra Napoleona o\u00a0\u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 delostrelectvo, pechotu, \u017eenistov a\u00a0sap\u00e9rov.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>4. VI.<\/em><\/strong> \u010eal\u0161\u00ed franc\u00fazsky pokus o\u00a0prielom. \u00dato\u010diaci sa dostali len do tlej\u00facej Petr\u017ealky odkia\u013e ust\u00fapili po ni\u010divej delostreleckej pa\u013ebe z\u00a0opevnen\u00e9ho predmostia. Kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9 jednotky sa stiahli do opevnen\u00ed. Franc\u00fazi sa zo stratami s\u0165ahuj\u00fa do svojich poz\u00edcii pri Kop\u010danoch a\u00a0Vl\u010dindole. K\u00a0predmostiu je vysunut\u00fd predvoj gener\u00e1la Petita, ktor\u00fd medzi 10. a\u00a012. hodinou dopoludnia svojim delostrelectvom (24 kan\u00f3nov) za\u010d\u00edna ostre\u013eovanie opevnen\u00ed aj mesta. Bianchi vysiela okam\u017eite k\u00a0Davoutovi deput\u00e1ciu zo \u017eiados\u0165ou, aby Franc\u00fazi nestrie\u013eali na mesto, preto\u017ee ono nebojuje a\u00a0obyvate\u013estvo je bezbrann\u00e9. Davout deput\u00e1ciu na \u010dele so stotn\u00edkom \u010coli\u010dom v\u013e\u00fadne prij\u00edma.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>5. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Bianchi dost\u00e1va list od arciknie\u017ea\u0165a Karola \u013dudov\u00edta, v\u00a0ktorom mu je prik\u00e1zan\u00e9 \u201e<em>prip\u00fata\u0165 nepriate\u013ea pri Pre\u0161porku v\u0161etk\u00fdmi prostriedkami na nevyhnutn\u00fd \u010das<\/em>\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>9. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Pokus franc\u00fazskej jednotky o v\u00fdsadok pri Dev\u00edne. Tri sto Franc\u00fazov na piatich ve\u013ek\u00fdch \u010dlnoch je odrazen\u00fdch oddielom dolnorak\u00faskej domobrany pod podplukovn\u00edkom Obergsollom a\u00a0troma kan\u00f3nmi.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>10. VI.<\/em><\/strong> \u010eal\u0161\u00ed pokus o\u00a0v\u00fdsadok v\u00a0mieste pri \u00fast\u00ed Vydrice do Dunaja. Franc\u00fazi odrazen\u00ed. Jednotky, br\u00e1niace predmostie, dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa v\u00a0noci cez Dunaj z\u00e1soby a\u00a0strelivo. O\u00a0pohyboch Franc\u00fazov s\u00fa obrancovia predmostia, mestsk\u00ed zastupitelia i\u00a0rak\u00fasky hlavn\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1b informovan\u00ed v\u010faka pozorovate\u013eni zriadenej na hradnom vrchu.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>11. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Nov\u00fd pokus o\u00a0v\u00fdsadok pod Dev\u00ednom. Franc\u00fazi op\u00e4\u0165 odrazen\u00ed domobranou. V\u0161etci Franc\u00fazi bu\u010f padli alebo sa utopili v\u00a0Dunaji.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>12. VI.<\/em><\/strong> \u010cas\u0165 franc\u00fazskych s\u00edl (nieko\u013eko diel a\u00a0jazda) sa od Kop\u010dian pres\u00fava k\u00a0R\u00e1bu. Franc\u00fazsky prieskum hl\u00e1si mar\u0161alovi Davoutovi, \u017ee sa po \u013eavom dunajskom brehu od \u0160amor\u00edna k\u00a0Pre\u0161porku bl\u00ed\u017ei \u010das\u0165 jednotiek pravidelnej arm\u00e1dy (jednalo sa o\u00a0kontingent z\u00a0Nov\u00fdch Z\u00e1mkov) a\u00a0pred n\u00edm\u00a0\u010derstv\u00e9 uhorsk\u00e9 insurek\u010dn\u00e9 jednotky. Davout nevie, ko\u013eko vojakov maj\u00fa Uhri na druhom brehu k\u00a0dispoz\u00edcii, \u017eiada a dost\u00e1va dvojtis\u00edcov\u00fa posilu a\u00a0naria\u010fuje svojmu zboru okam\u017eite opevni\u0165 sa pri Ve\u013ek\u00fdch Kop\u010danoch, dne\u0161nom Kittsee v\u00a0Rak\u00fasku.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>14. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Bitka pri R\u00e1be. Mar\u0161al Beuharnais por\u00e1\u017ea zbor arciknie\u017ea\u0165a J\u00e1na Krstite\u013ea, posilnen\u00fd o\u00a0kontingenty uhorsk\u00fdch insurgentov vrchn\u00e9ho brigadiera, slobodn\u00e9ho p\u00e1na Me\u0161ka. Mal\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 jeho rozbit\u00e9ho zboru, posilnen\u00e1 o\u00a0uhorsk\u00fa insurekciu, sa br\u00e1ni v\u00a0r\u00e1bskej pevnosti, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia \u010das\u0165, na \u010dele s\u00a0arciknie\u017ea\u0165om J\u00e1nom, usporiadane ustupuje po \u013eavom brehu Dunaja k\u00a0Pre\u0161porku, men\u0161ia na Kom\u00e1rno. Pri B\u00f3\u0161i (<em>dnes Gab\u010d\u00edkovo \u2013 pozn. PeS<\/em>) sa v\u00a0\u00falohe z\u00e1lohy nach\u00e1dza palat\u00edn Jozef Anton s \u010das\u0165ou\u00a0insurek\u010dnej jazdy (asi 1200 jazdcov). Uhorsk\u00e1 insurekcia pod vrchn\u00fdm brigadierom Me\u0161kom \u00faspe\u0161ne operuje na \u013eavom brehu Dunaja v\u00a0smere R\u00e1b \u2013 \u0160amor\u00edn.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>18. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Bianchi vysiela nave\u010der nadporu\u010d\u00edka Pusteln\u00edka z\u00a050 mu\u017emi z\u00a0pe\u0161ieho pluku \u010d. 39 zisti\u0165 prieskumom po\u010det franc\u00fazskych s\u00edl a\u00a0zisti\u0165 smer ich pohybu a\u00a0h\u013abku obrany. Oddiel prepl\u00e1va Dunaj a\u00a0prenik\u00e1 a\u017e do lokality Rusoviec. Misia je \u00faspe\u0161ne splnen\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>20. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Napoleon vyt\u00fdka v liste Davoutovi nedbal\u00fd a le\u017e\u00e9rny postup v\u00a0dob\u00edjan\u00ed predmostia. N\u00e1sledn\u00e9 delostreleck\u00e9 ostre\u013eovanie opevnen\u00ed je bez ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek v\u00fdsledku.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>22. VI.<\/em><\/strong> P\u00e1d r\u00e1bskej pevnosti, kapitul\u00e1cia brigadiera Pr\u00f3naja.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>23. VI.<\/em><\/strong> K\u00a0Pre\u0161porku sa pribli\u017euj\u00fa prv\u00e9 jednotky arciknie\u017ea\u0165a J\u00e1na Krstite\u013ea. Davoutovi vojaci op\u00e4\u0165 \u00fato\u010dia. Bianchi riadi obranu predmostia z\u00a0prvej l\u00ednie. Po dorazen\u00ed v\u0161etk\u00fdch s\u00edl arciknie\u017ea\u0165a k\u00a0Pre\u0161porku st\u00fapa po\u010det jej obrancov na 16 729 mu\u017eov a\u00a03542 jazdcov s\u00a050 kan\u00f3nmi. Na pochode k\u00a0mestu v\u00a0smere od \u017ditn\u00e9ho ostrova s\u00fa jednotky uhorskej pe\u0161ej insurekcie. Napoleon d\u00e1va Davoutovi rozkaz k\u00a0bombardovaniu Pre\u0161porka \u201e<em>2000\u20133000 gran\u00e1tmi denne<\/em>\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>24. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Do mesta dorazil arciknie\u017ea J\u00e1n Krstite\u013e, kr\u00e1tko po \u0148om od Moravsk\u00e9ho po\u013ea aj kr\u00e1\u013e Franti\u0161ek.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>25. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Davoutov \u010fal\u0161\u00ed ne\u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd \u00fatok na predmostie. Rak\u00fa\u0161ania obracaj\u00fa Franc\u00fazov na \u00fatek, no neprenasleduj\u00fa ich, t\u00ed sa s\u0165ahuj\u00fa do svojich kop\u010dianskych po\u013en\u00fdch opevnen\u00ed. Ve\u010der do Pre\u0161porka vstupuje palat\u00edn Jozef Anton zo svojou\u00a0jazdeckou a pe\u0161ou insurekciou, ktor\u00e1 predt\u00fdm zaostala za zborom arciknie\u017ea\u0165a J\u00e1na Krstite\u013ea v\u00a0priestore medzi B\u00e1\u010dom a\u00a0\u0160amor\u00ednom.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>26. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Na Davoutov popud vyz\u00fdva listom gener\u00e1l Dessaix gener\u00e1la Bianchiho, aby dobrovo\u013ene vydal v\u0161etky opevnenia na predmost\u00ed aj opevnenia na ostrove Pe\u010d\u0148a, inak bude mesto bombardovan\u00e9 delostrelectvom. Bianchi list odstupuje kr\u00e1\u013eovi a\u00a0jeho bratom, zhodn\u00fa sa na odmietavom stanovisku. Franc\u00fazskou odpove\u010fou je delostreleck\u00e1 pa\u013eba na mesto od jednej hodiny popoludn\u00ed do \u00f4smej hodiny rannej nasleduj\u00faceho d\u0148a.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>27. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Franc\u00fazske n\u00e1vrhy na kapitul\u00e1ciu s\u00fa odmietnut\u00e9, opakovan\u00e9 predpolud\u0148aj\u0161ie \u00fatoky na poz\u00edcie kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fdch vojsk s\u00fa ne\u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9. V\u00a0noci toho d\u0148a za\u010d\u00edna \u010fal\u0161ie bombardovanie, ktor\u00e9 trv\u00e1 do \u0161iestej hodiny rannej nasleduj\u00faceho d\u0148a. Rak\u00faske velenie odmieta jedna\u0165 o\u00a0kapitul\u00e1cii. Franc\u00fazi predkladaj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie n\u00e1vrhy. No\u010dn\u00fd \u00fatok na opevnen\u00e9 predmostie prin\u00e1\u0161a \u010fal\u0161ie straty na strane \u00fato\u010diacich Franc\u00fazov aj uhorsk\u00fdch insurgentov br\u00e1niacich sa v\u00a0predsunut\u00fdch opevneniach.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>28. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Ke\u010f\u017ee diplomatick\u00e9 jednania nikam neved\u00fa, o\u00a011. hodine dopoludnia za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa Franc\u00fazi systematicky bombardova\u0165 Pre\u0161porok. Svojou intenzitou to bolo naj\u0165a\u017e\u0161ie ostre\u013eovanie mesta v\u00f4bec a\u00a0skon\u010dilo o\u00a021. hodine ve\u010der. Mesto bolo zasiahnut\u00e9 z\u00e1paln\u00fdmi gran\u00e1tmi, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobili v\u00a0meste ve\u013ek\u00e9 po\u017eiare. Tis\u00edcky \u013eud\u00ed utekaj\u00fa z\u00a0mesta, obete na \u017eivotoch sa r\u00e1taj\u00fa na desiatky. Celkovo \u0161kody sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 t\u00fdmto bombardovan\u00edm dosiahnu viac ako mili\u00f3n vtedaj\u0161\u00edch zlat\u00fdch. Rak\u00fa\u0161ania v\u0161ak mesto ani opevnenia nevyd\u00e1vaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>30. VI.<\/em><\/strong> Napoleon sa v\u00a0liste Davoutovi zmie\u0148uje o\u00a0\u0165a\u017ekej situ\u00e1cii na ostrove Lobau pod Vied\u0148ou a\u00a0informuje ho o\u00a0n\u00e1lade v\u00a0arm\u00e1de po aspernskej por\u00e1\u017eke. Doslova ho nab\u00e1da aby \u201e<em>obsadil a\u00a0dobyl to nepr\u00edjemn\u00e9 a\u00a0prekliate predmostie<\/em>\u201c. Franc\u00fazi v\u00a0po\u010dte cca 500 mu\u017eov sa v\u00a0noci preplavuj\u00fa cez Dunaj oproti Mlynsk\u00fdm niv\u00e1m. V\u00fdsadok je zahnan\u00fd do vody a\u00a0zlikvidovan\u00fd rak\u00faskymi j\u00e1grami, uhorskou pe\u0161ou insurekciou a\u00a0delostrelectvom. Mar\u0161al Davout d\u00e1va rozkaz k\u00a0stavbe po\u013en\u00fdch opevnen\u00ed a\u00a0\u0161iancov pred zni\u010denou a vyhoretou Petr\u017ealkou.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>3.\u20134. VII.<\/em><\/strong> Franc\u00fazi opakovane ostre\u013euj\u00fa mesto, intenzita je v\u0161ak slab\u00e1 a\u00a0nenarob\u00ed Pre\u0161porku podstatnej\u0161ie \u0161kody. Boje na predmost\u00ed sa obmedzuj\u00fa na prestrelky predsunut\u00fdch oddielov bez v\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch str\u00e1t. Franc\u00fazi s\u00fa zakopan\u00ed v\u00a0opevneniach na okol\u00ed Kop\u010dian, Rak\u00fa\u0161ania s\u00fa stiahnut\u00ed v\u00a0opevneniach na predmost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>5. VII.<\/em><\/strong> Predpoludn\u00edm dost\u00e1va arciknie\u017ea J\u00e1n Krstite\u013e p\u00edsomn\u00fd rozkaz od Karola \u013dudov\u00edta, aby bez me\u0161kania vyrazil zo svojim zborom k\u00a0jeho hlavnej arm\u00e1de s\u00fastredenej na Moravskom poli v\u00a0okol\u00ed Wagramu v\u00a0smere Marchegg \u2013 Leopoldsdorf. Mar\u0161al Davout je odvolan\u00fd z\u00a0funkcie velite\u013ea franc\u00fazskych jednotiek na pre\u0161porskom smere, je prevelen\u00fd k\u00a0hlavnej arm\u00e1de chystaj\u00facej sa k\u00a0\u00fatoku na Rak\u00fa\u0161anov v\u00a0priestore Moravsk\u00e9ho po\u013ea. Za\u010d\u00edna wagramsk\u00e1 bitka.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>6. VII.<\/em><\/strong> Po odchode jednotiek arciknie\u017ea\u0165a J\u00e1na Krstite\u013ea m\u00e1 Bianchi k\u00a0dispoz\u00edcii asi 4500 mu\u017eov, z\u00a0toho 2000 pe\u0161iakov, 850 insurek\u010dn\u00fdch pe\u0161iakov, 100 dolnorak\u00faskych domobrancov a divizi\u00f3n insurek\u010dn\u00fdch hus\u00e1rov plus delostrelectvo. Palat\u00edn Jozef Anton op\u00fa\u0161\u0165a Pre\u0161porok a\u00a0zo svojou insurekciou sa vys\u00fava k\u00a0\u0160amor\u00ednu, aby kryl pr\u00edpadn\u00fd \u00fatok v\u00a0smere od Kom\u00e1rna. Insurek\u010dn\u00ed vojaci zv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa po r\u00e1bskej bitke, po\u010das presunu od Kom\u00e1rna a R\u00e1bu k\u00a0Pre\u0161porku, \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9 pot\u00fd\u010dky s\u00a0od\u010dlenen\u00fdmi franc\u00fazskymi jednotkami a\u00a0podnikaj\u00fa diverzn\u00e9 v\u00fdpady na prav\u00fd breh Dunaja, \u010d\u00edm s\u00fastavne znepokojuj\u00fa Franc\u00fazov. Vyznamen\u00e1va sa najm\u00e4 hlavn\u00fd brigadier Me\u0161ko zo svojimi vojakmi. Do Ve\u013ek\u00fdch Kop\u010dian prich\u00e1dza nov\u00fd franc\u00fazsky velite\u013e, gener\u00e1l Baraguay d\u2018Hilliers. Franc\u00fazi por\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa Rak\u00fa\u0161anov vo wagramskej bitke. T\u00ed sporiadane ustupuj\u00fa proti pr\u00fadu Dunaja poza Viede\u0148 a\u00a0postupne bud\u00fa ustupova\u0165 k\u00a0moravskej hranici.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>7. VII.<\/em><\/strong> D\u2018Hilliers skoro r\u00e1no naria\u010fuje gener\u00e1lny \u00fatok na rak\u00faske poz\u00edcie, str\u00e1ca v\u00a0\u0148om v\u0161ak 120 mu\u017eov, troch d\u00f4stojn\u00edkov a\u00a0p\u00e4\u0165 kan\u00f3nov. Franc\u00fazske delostrelectvo vyvinulo mimoriadnu aktivitu. Ur\u010dit\u00fd taktick\u00fd \u00faspech dosahuje v\u00a0Starom H\u00e1ji, kde dolnorak\u00faska domobrana pod tlakom musela zo stratami ust\u00fapi\u0165 z\u00a0opevnen\u00ed. Pe\u0161\u00ed pluk <em>Strasoldo<\/em> \u010d. 27, zanechan\u00fd arciknie\u017ea\u0165om J\u00e1nom Krstite\u013eom na predmost\u00ed ako posila, sporiadane ustupuje k\u00a0hlavn\u00fdm opevneniam, av\u0161ak za cenu vysok\u00fdch str\u00e1t. Franc\u00fazi obsadzuj\u00fa nieko\u013eko rak\u00faskych okopov na tomto smere. Arciknie\u017ea J\u00e1n Krstite\u013e, nach\u00e1dzaj\u00faci sa medzi Marcheggom a\u00a0S\u00fcssenbrunnom, zbrklo vyd\u00e1va svojim jednotk\u00e1m rozkaz k\u00a0n\u00e1vratu na predmostie za zvukom diel. Do wagramskej bitky tak nezasiahol.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>9. VII.<\/em><\/strong> V skor\u00fdch rann\u00fdch hodin\u00e1ch sa arciknie\u017ea J\u00e1n Krstite\u013e, vracaj\u00faci sa od S\u00fcssenbrunnu, le\u017eiacom na Moravskom poli, dost\u00e1va na doh\u013ead Pre\u0161porku. Od wagramsk\u00e9ho bojiska v\u00a0\u010dase jeho \u00fastupu k Pre\u0161porku bolo \u010delo jeho zboru vzdialen\u00e9 11 kilometrov. V\u00a0noci sa Franc\u00fazi pok\u00fa\u0161aj\u00fa o prekvapiv\u00fd\u00a0\u00fatok na opevnenia, oddiel je v\u0161ak takmer zni\u010den\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>11. VII.<\/em><\/strong> Pod dojmom wagramskej por\u00e1\u017eky dost\u00e1va v\u00a0neskor\u00fdch ve\u010dern\u00fdch hodin\u00e1ch gener\u00e1lmajor Bianchi rozkaz od arciknie\u017ea\u0165a J\u00e1na Krstite\u013ea, aby sa stiahol zo svojimi jednotkami zo z\u00e1kopov a\u00a0opevnen\u00ed na petr\u017ealskom brehu a\u00a0pre\u0161iel na \u013eav\u00fd breh Dunaja. \u010cas\u0165 kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fdch vojsk ale ost\u00e1va napriek tomu v\u00a0hlavn\u00fdch opevneniach na dunajskom brehu. Franc\u00fazi obsadili vypr\u00e1zdnen\u00e9 predsunut\u00e9 opevnenia a\u00a0na Pre\u0161porok odtia\u013e vyp\u00e1lili \u0161es\u0165 delostreleck\u00fdch gran\u00e1tov.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>12. VII.<\/em><\/strong> D\u2018Hilliers oznamuje Bianchimu, \u017ee po bitke pri Znojme je medzi Rak\u00faskom a\u00a0Franc\u00fazskom uzavret\u00e9 pr\u00edmerie a\u00a0\u017eiada, aby mu bolo vydan\u00e9 mesto i\u00a0posledn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 opevnen\u00ed na petr\u017ealskom predmost\u00ed. Bianchi odmieta akceptova\u0165 jeho n\u00e1vrh bez p\u00edsomn\u00e9ho potvrdenia od arciknie\u017ea\u0165a Karola \u013dudov\u00edta. \u017diada si preto 48-hodinov\u00fd odklad.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Pressbrug.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-15161 size-medium alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Pressbrug-300x238.jpg\" alt=\"Pressburg\" width=\"300\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Pressbrug-300x238.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Pressbrug-150x119.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Pressbrug-768x609.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Pressbrug-379x300.jpg 379w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/Pressbrug.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>14. VII.<\/em><\/strong> O\u00a020. hodine ve\u010der Pre\u0161porok otv\u00e1ra na z\u00e1klade pr\u00edmeria svoje br\u00e1ny Franc\u00fazom. T\u00ed ju \u2013 na rozdiel od R\u00edma, Madridu, Berl\u00edna, Amsterdamu, Bruselu, Var\u0161avy, Viedne \u010di Moskvy, ako jedin\u00e9 hlavn\u00e9 mesto Eur\u00f3py, o\u00a0ktor\u00e9 bezprostredne bojovali \u2013 nikdy vojensky nedobyli a\u00a0Uhorsko ako \u0161t\u00e1t vojensky nepokorili. Palat\u00edn Jozef Anton zauj\u00edma postavenie na \u017ditnom ostrove na okol\u00ed B\u00f3\u0161a a\u00a0po spr\u00e1ve o\u00a0znojemskom pr\u00edmer\u00ed vyr\u00e1\u017ea za arciknie\u017ea\u0165om Karolom \u013dudov\u00edtom k Znojmu. Celkov\u00e1 \u0161koda sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 vojensk\u00fdmi oper\u00e1ciami dosiahla 2\u00a0104\u00a0895 zlat\u00fdch a\u00a0z toho\u00a0vlastn\u00e1 kontrib\u00facia splatn\u00e1 po zaujat\u00ed mesta z\u00a0celkovej sumy dosahovala 602\u00a0352 zlat\u00fdch.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>15. VII.<\/em><\/strong> Do Pre\u0161porka prich\u00e1dza Napoleonov nevlastn\u00fd syn, mar\u0161al Eugen Beuharnais zo \u0161t\u00e1bom. Vojensk\u00fdm guvern\u00e9rom mesta je menovan\u00fd gener\u00e1l Kister, rovnako ako v\u00a0roku 1805. Jeho pr\u00edchod do mesta mal sk\u00f4r politick\u00fd ako vojensk\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Ved\u013ea franc\u00fazskych vojakov s\u00fa na okol\u00ed mesta i\u00a0v\u00a0\u0148om dislokovan\u00e9 sask\u00e9 a\u00a0hessensk\u00e9 jednotky.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>31. VII.<\/em><\/strong> Pre\u0161porok nav\u0161tevuje inkognito osobne cis\u00e1r Napoleon I. Str\u00e1vil v\u00a0meste cel\u00fd de\u0148 \u2013 nav\u0161t\u00edvil hrad, prezrel si mesto, t\u00e1bor vojakov i\u00a0petr\u017ealsk\u00e9 bojisko s cintor\u00ednom. Odi\u0161iel potom do R\u00e1bu na in\u0161pekciu jednotiek.<\/p>\n<p><em>Na z\u00e1ver si dovol\u00edm mal\u00fa historick\u00fa kuriozitu. Bratislava a\u00a0Viede\u0148 s\u00fa jedin\u00fdmi stredoeur\u00f3pskymi hlavn\u00fdmi mestami, ktor\u00e9 nav\u0161t\u00edvil Napoleon i\u00a0jeho v\u0161etci synovia. Adoptovan\u00fd Eugen Bratislavu nav\u0161t\u00edvil u\u017e v\u00a0roku 1809. Napoleonov vlastn\u00fd syn a\u00a0dedi\u010d Napoleon II., zn\u00e1my aj ako vojvoda Z\u00e1kupsk\u00fd, v\u00a0rokoch 1825 a\u00a01830. No a naostatok, jeho neman\u017eelsk\u00fd syn Alexander Walewsk\u00fd, ju inkognito nav\u0161t\u00edvil v\u00a0roku po\u010das svojej cesty po Eur\u00f3pe v\u00a0roku 1857.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"_5yl5\">Venovan\u00e9 pamiatke MUDr. Andrey Ma\u010dasovej.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>(PeS)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201eBratranec, obsa\u010fte a dobyte mi u\u017e to nepr\u00edjemn\u00e9 a prekliate predmostie!\u201c \u2013 Napoleon<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":15158,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129,113,44,94],"tags":[5884,6155,6153,6154,6152,6151],"class_list":["post-15157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezobrazovat-na-homepage","category-historie","category-rakouska-armada","category-vojenska-historie","tag-5884","tag-bianchi","tag-bratislava","tag-davout","tag-pressburg","tag-sabanos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15157","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15157"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15157\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15166,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15157\/revisions\/15166"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15158"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15157"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15157"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15157"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}