{"id":15950,"date":"2020-01-24T13:17:39","date_gmt":"2020-01-24T11:17:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/?p=15950"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:32:46","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:32:46","slug":"napoleonova-armada-v-roce-1805-neradove-jednotky-a-veterani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/napoleonova-armada-v-roce-1805-neradove-jednotky-a-veterani\/","title":{"rendered":"Napoleonova arm\u00e1da v roce 1805: Ne\u0159adov\u00e9 jednotky a veter\u00e1ni"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center\">VI. Ne\u0159adov\u00e9 jednotky<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ve francouzsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b existovalo mnoho pomocn\u00fdch (<em>troupes auxiliaires<\/em>), cizineck\u00fdch (<em>troupes \u00e9trang\u00e8res<\/em>) a nepravideln\u00fdch jednotek (<em>corps irr\u00e9guliers<\/em>), je\u017e nebyly administrativn\u011b sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty, jezdectva, d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e9ho, nebo \u017eenijn\u00edho sboru, ale byly za\u0159azov\u00e1ny do arm\u00e1d a sbor\u016f podle stejn\u00fdch pravidel a byly cvi\u010deny podle francouzsk\u00fdch \u0159\u00e1d\u016f. Aktivn\u011b se pod\u00edlely na ta\u017een\u00edch, slou\u017eily ve Francii, nebo v\u00a0z\u00e1mo\u0159\u00ed. V\u011bnovat se zde budeme jen jednotk\u00e1m, je\u017e slou\u017eily v Evrop\u011b. Byly to n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>1er<\/strong> <strong>R\u00e9giment Suisse<\/strong> (1. \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fd pluk) \u2013 vytvo\u0159en podle dohody mezi Franci\u00ed a \u0160v\u00fdcarskem z\u00a027. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1803 a zalo\u017een dekretem z\u00a015. b\u0159ezna 1805 jako prvn\u00ed ze \u010dty\u0159 (ostatn\u00ed n\u00e1sledovaly v\u00a0roce 1806). 4 bataliony pluku byly vytvo\u0159eny\u00a0 z\u00a0batalion\u016f tzv. Helvetsk\u00fdch p\u016flbrig\u00e1d (<em>Demi-brigades Helv\u00e9tiques<\/em>). Ka\u017ed\u00fd batalion se skl\u00e1dal z\u00a0dev\u00edti rot (gran\u00e1tnick\u00e9 a osmi fyzil\u00edrsk\u00fdch<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[i]<\/a>), pl\u00e1novan\u00e1 d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e1 rota byla v\u010dlen\u011bna a\u017e v\u00a0roce 1806, a teoretick\u00fd stav pluku tak pro rok 1805 byl 4.008 mu\u017e\u016f. Ta\u017een\u00ed roku 1805 se z\u00fa\u010dastnil pouze 4. batalion vytvo\u0159en\u00fd v\u00a0Janov\u011b, kter\u00fd byl sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sboru gener\u00e1la Saint-Cyra. 1. batalion se formoval na Korsice, 2. na Elb\u011b a 3. u Modeny.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Artillerie Suisse<\/strong> (\u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 d\u011blost\u0159electvo) \u2013 jedna rota p\u011b\u0161\u00edho d\u011blost\u0159electva o 97 mu\u017e\u00edch (4 d\u016fstojn\u00edci, 2 podd\u016fstojn\u00edci a 91 voj\u00e1k\u016f) byla vytvo\u0159ena 20. dubna 1803 z\u00a0b\u00fdval\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f Helvetsk\u00e9 republiky a slou\u017eila jako rota pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ee v\u00a0Cherbourgu. V\u00a0dubnu 1806 byla v\u010dlen\u011bna do 1. \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9ho pluku.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Bataillons \u00e9trangers<\/strong> (Cizineck\u00e9 bataliony) \u2013 1. cizineck\u00fd batalion byl vytvo\u0159en 23. b\u0159ezna 1802 v\u00a0Le Havre jako dopl\u0148ovac\u00ed batalion pro tzv. bataliony cizineck\u00fdch dezert\u00e9r\u016f (<em>bataillons de d\u00e9serteurs \u00e9trangers<\/em>), je\u017e zanikly v\u00a0srpnu 1805. V\u00a0roce 1805 byl st\u00e1le ve Le Havre a slou\u017eil k\u00a0dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed koloni\u00e1ln\u00edch jednotek. 2. cizineck\u00fd batalion vznikl v\u00a0roce 1803 na Elb\u011b spojen\u00edm tzv. Batalionu n\u011bmeck\u00fdch dezert\u00e9r\u016f (<em>bataillon de d\u00e9serteurs allemands<\/em>) a samostatn\u00fdch rot cizineck\u00fdch dezert\u00e9r\u016f. V\u00a0s\u00edle \u0161esti rot (cca 900 mu\u017e\u016f) byl v\u00a0roce 1805 pos\u00e1dkou na Elb\u011b.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Bataillons Francs de l\u2019Ile d\u2019Elbe<\/strong> (Svobodn\u00e9 bataliony ostrova Elby) \u2013 dva bataliony po \u010dty\u0159ech rot\u00e1ch vznikly 13. dubna 1803 za \u00fa\u010delem ochrany ostrova Elby p\u0159ed mo\u017enost\u00ed britsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdsadku.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Bataillon de Chasseurs d\u2019Orient<\/strong> (Batalion myslivc\u016f Orientu) \u2013 zalo\u017een 7. ledna 1802 z\u00a0p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f Koptsk\u00e9 (<em>L\u00e9gion Copte<\/em>) a \u0158eck\u00e9 legie (<em>L\u00e9gion Grecques<\/em>), Kopt\u016f, \u0158ek\u016f, Egyp\u0165an\u016f a Sy\u0159an\u016f \u2013 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f egyptsk\u00e9ho ta\u017een\u00ed. Batalion m\u011bl m\u00edt \u0161t\u00e1b a deset rot, z\u00a0toho jednu elitn\u00ed (karabinickou) a jednu dopl\u0148ovac\u00ed. Vzhledem k\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 nedisciplinovanosti a dezerc\u00edm byl jeho po\u010detn\u00ed stav v\u00fdrazn\u011b pod teoretickou hranic\u00ed cca 1.000 mu\u017e\u016f. Pos\u00e1dkou byl v\u00a0Marseilles. Asi stovka vybran\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f slou\u017eila jako n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed p\u011bchota toulonsk\u00e9 flotily, dva kapit\u00e1ni batalionu byli \u00fadajn\u011b ran\u011bni v\u00a0bitv\u011b u Trafalgaru.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Bataillon de Pionniers Noirs<\/strong> (Batalion \u010cern\u00fdch pion\u00fdr\u016f) \u2013 zalo\u017een 11. kv\u011btna 1803 v\u00a0Mantov\u011b z\u00a0p\u011bti nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch rot tvo\u0159en\u00fdch voj\u00e1ky \u010dern\u00e9 pleti<a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[ii]<\/a> (n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed byli francouzsk\u00fdmi ob\u010dany, ostatn\u00ed se p\u0159idali k\u00a0francouzsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b v\u00a0Egypt\u011b, nebo poch\u00e1zeli z Karibiku). Dev\u011bt rot \u201efyzil\u00edr\u016f-pion\u00fdr\u016f\u201c (<em>fusiliers-pionniers<\/em>) a \u0161t\u00e1b \u010d\u00edtaly dohromady cca 1.000 mu\u017e\u016f. Batalion byl pod\u0159\u00edzen d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016fm \u017eenijn\u00edho sboru a ur\u010den zejm\u00e9na k\u00a0opev\u0148ovac\u00edm prac\u00edm. Ta\u017een\u00ed roku 1805 se z\u00fa\u010dastnil v\u00a0It\u00e1lii, bojoval u Fiume. V\u00a0roce 1806 byl batalion na Josefovu \u017e\u00e1dost p\u0159eveden do neapolsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Bataillon de Tirailleurs corses<\/strong> (Batalion korsick\u00fdch tiraj\u00e9r\u016f) \u2013 batalion lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty vytvo\u0159en\u00fd 8. \u010dervence 1802 v\u00a0departementech Golo a Liamone na Korsice jako <em>bataillon de chasseurs corses<\/em> (batalion korsick\u00fdch myslivc\u016f) za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00fd do 3. p\u016flbrig\u00e1dy lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty. 2. kv\u011btna 1803 se stal 3. batalionem 8. p\u016flbrig\u00e1dy lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty (8. pluku lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty od 24. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1803). 24. b\u0159ezna 1804 byl z\u00a08. pluku vy\u010dlen\u011bn a ozna\u010den jako Batalion korsick\u00fdch tiraj\u00e9r\u016f (jeho sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed se staly n\u011bkter\u00e9 z tzv. svobodn\u00fdch rot z\u00a0Gola a z\u00a0Liamonu \u2013 <em>compagnies franches du Golo, du Liamone<\/em>). V\u00a0roce 1805 m\u011bl batalion 9 v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch rot (1 karabinickou, 1 volti\u017e\u00e9rskou, 7 mysliveck\u00fdch) a 1 dopl\u0148ovac\u00ed, je\u017e byla pos\u00e1dkou v\u00a0Antibes. Pod \u0161\u00e9fem batalionu Philippem-Antoinem d\u2019Ornano se korsi\u010dt\u00ed tiraj\u00e9\u0159i z\u00fa\u010dastnili v\u00a0r\u00e1mci Soultova sboru ulmsk\u00e9ho i slavkovsk\u00e9ho ta\u017een\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Bataillon de tirailleurs du P\u00f4<\/strong> (Batalion p\u00e1dsk\u00fdch tiraj\u00e9r\u016f) \u2013 vytvo\u0159en jako <em>Bataillon Exp\u00e9ditionnaire Pi\u00e9montais<\/em> (Piemontsk\u00fd expedi\u010dn\u00ed batalion) 20. dubna 1803 z\u00a0b\u00fdval\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f arm\u00e1dy Sardinsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. 24. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1803 bylo ozna\u010den\u00ed zm\u011bn\u011bno na batalion p\u00e1dsk\u00fdch tiraj\u00e9r\u016f. Batalion m\u011bl 9 rot po 100 mu\u017e\u00edch (1 karabinickou a 8 mysliveck\u00fdch), byl dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n v\u00a0Tur\u00edn\u011b z\u00a0departement\u016f 27. vojensk\u00e9 divize. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci IV. sboru se z\u00fa\u010dastnil, v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 brig\u00e1d\u011b s\u00a0korsick\u00fdmi tiraj\u00e9ry, ta\u017een\u00ed roku 1805. 1. listopadu 1805 p\u0159evzal velen\u00ed batalionu pobo\u010dn\u00edk mar\u0161\u00e1la Soulta \u0161\u00e9f batalionu Etienne Hulot.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Garde municipale de Paris<\/strong> (Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e1 m\u011bstsk\u00e1 garda) \u2013 z\u0159\u00edzena v\u00fdnosem ze 4. \u0159\u00edjna 1802 v\u00a0s\u00edle dvou pluk\u016f p\u011bchoty (o dvou batalionech po p\u011bti rot\u00e1ch, dohromady teoreticky 2.154 mu\u017e\u016f) a jedn\u00e9 eskadrony dragoun\u016f (dv\u011b roty, celkem 180 jezdc\u016f). Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e1 m\u011bstsk\u00e1 garda plnila v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei \u00falohu n\u00e1rodn\u00ed gardy, zaji\u0161\u0165ovala bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed a po\u0159\u00e1dkovou slu\u017ebu ve m\u011bst\u011b.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>L\u00e9gion Corse<\/strong> (Korsick\u00e1 legie) \u2013 vytvo\u0159ena 18. dubna 1805 z\u00a0p\u011bti batalion\u016f korsick\u00e9 lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty (<em>bataillons d\u2019infanterie l\u00e9g\u00e8re corse<\/em>), pos\u00e1dkou byla v\u00a0Livornu, v\u00a0roce 1807 byla p\u0159evedena do neapolsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>L\u00e9gion du Midi<\/strong> (Legie z\u00a0Jihu) \u2013 vytvo\u0159ena 18. kv\u011btna 1803 jako jedna z\u00a0pl\u00e1novan\u00fdch \u010dty\u0159 Piemontsk\u00fdch legi\u00ed (<em>L\u00e9gions Pi\u00e9montaises<\/em>). 30. \u010dervna 1804 byla p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1na, jako jedin\u00e1 vytvo\u0159en\u00e1, na Legii z\u00a0Jihu. M\u011bla se skl\u00e1dat ze \u0161t\u00e1bu, t\u0159\u00ed batalion\u016f \u0159adov\u00e9 a dvou batalion\u016f lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty a z\u00a0jedn\u00e9 roty d\u011blost\u0159electva. Batalion p\u011bchoty m\u011bl 5 rot (gran\u00e1tnickou\/karabinickou a 4 fyzil\u00edrsk\u00e9\/mysliveck\u00e9). Vzhledem k\u00a0nedostatku dobrovoln\u00edk\u016f byly ve skute\u010dnosti vytvo\u0159eny jen prvn\u00ed dva \u0159adov\u00e9 a jeden lehk\u00fd (\u010d\u00edslo 3) batalion a d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e1 rota. V\u00a0roce 1804 byla jedna st\u0159edov\u00e1 rota reorganizov\u00e1na na volti\u017e\u00e9rskou. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st legie (1. a 2. batalion a dv\u011b roty 3.) byla v\u00a0lednu a\u017e b\u0159eznu 1805 p\u0159evelena na Martinik, kde byla v\u00a0kv\u011btnu pro nedisciplinovanost rozpu\u0161t\u011bna. Jednotky, je\u017e z\u016fstaly v\u00a0Evrop\u011b a slou\u017eily v\u00a0oblasti Biskajsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu, byly postupn\u011b reorganizov\u00e1ny a dopln\u011bny.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00e9gion Hanovrienne<\/strong> (Hanoversk\u00e1 legie) \u2013 zalo\u017eena 12. srpna 1803 gener\u00e1lem Mortierem z\u00a0voj\u00e1k\u016f rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 hanoversk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. Podle organiza\u010dn\u00edho dekretu z\u00a013. dubna 1804 m\u011bla legie m\u00edt batalion lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty (karabinick\u00e1 a 4 mysliveck\u00e9 roty) a jeden pluk j\u00edzdn\u00edch myslivc\u016f (3 eskadrony). Celkov\u00fd stav legie v\u010detn\u011b \u0161t\u00e1bu m\u011bl b\u00fdt 1.342 mu\u017e\u016f. Ta\u017een\u00ed roku 1805 se ne\u00fa\u010dastnila.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00e9gion Irlandaise<\/strong> (Irsk\u00e1 legie) \u2013 zalo\u017eena 31. srpna 1803 v Bretani pro pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 vylod\u011bn\u00ed ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. Nedostatek irsk\u00fdch dobrovoln\u00edk\u016f byl p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou vytvo\u0159en\u00ed pouh\u00e9ho jednoho batalionu lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty (karabinick\u00e1 a 8 mysliveck\u00fdch rot), po roce existence \u010d\u00edtala legie jen 22 podd\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f a voj\u00e1k\u016f a 66 d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f. Ne\u00fa\u010dastnila se proto ta\u017een\u00ed roku 1805 a teprve v\u00a0roce 1806 byly jej\u00ed stavy dopln\u011bny dobrovoln\u00edky z\u00a0\u0159ad prusk\u00fdch zajatc\u016f (zejm\u00e9na Pol\u00e1k\u016f).<\/li>\n<li><strong>R\u00e9giment de la Tour d\u2019Auvergne<\/strong> (Pluk La Tour d\u2019Auvergne) \u2013 zalo\u017een 30. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1805 ve Strasbourgu jako pluk lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty o t\u0159ech batalionech (m\u011bl stejn\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed jako b\u011b\u017en\u00fd pluk). Byl dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n cizinci, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm N\u011bmci, ale tak\u00e9 navr\u00e1tiv\u0161\u00edmi se francouzsk\u00fdmi emigranty a \u0161uany. D\u016fstojn\u00edci pluku byli vyb\u00edr\u00e1ni mezi b\u00fdval\u00fdmi d\u016fstojn\u00edky roajalistick\u00e9ho odboje. Pluk nebyl na podzim roku 1805 je\u0161t\u011b dostate\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ipraven k\u00a0nasazen\u00ed a dokon\u010doval sv\u00e9 formov\u00e1n\u00ed pod dohledem mar\u0161\u00e1la Kellermanna ve Wissembourgu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>R\u00e9giment d\u2019Isembourg<\/strong> (Pluk Isembourg) \u2013 zalo\u017een 1. listopadu 1805 v\u00a0Braunau kn\u00ed\u017eetem z Isenburgu<a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[iii]<\/a> a organizovan\u00fd jako b\u011b\u017en\u00fd pluk lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty o t\u0159ech batalionech. Pluk byl dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n N\u011bmci, Pol\u00e1ky, Rusy a voj\u00e1ky dal\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1rodnost\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdjimkou Francouz\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0n\u011bm slou\u017eit nesm\u011bli. Prvn\u00ed dva bataliony byly p\u0159ipraveny a\u017e v\u00a0b\u0159eznu 1806.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\">VII. C\u00edsa\u0159\u0161t\u00ed veter\u00e1ni<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Sbor c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdch veter\u00e1n\u016f (<em>Corps des v\u00e9t\u00e9rans imp\u00e9riaux<\/em>) byl vytvo\u0159en dekretem z\u00a027. flor\u00e9alu roku XIII (17. kv\u011btna 1805). Z\u00a0celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu 100 rot veter\u00e1n\u016f bylo 25 d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00fdch (<em>canonniers v\u00e9t\u00e9rans<\/em>) po 100 mu\u017e\u00edch a 75 fyzil\u00edrsk\u00fdch (<em>fusiliers v\u00e9t\u00e9rans<\/em>) po 120 mu\u017e\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/marbot98.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16083\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/marbot98.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"457\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/marbot98.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/marbot98-150x118.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/marbot98-300x236.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/marbot98-381x300.jpg 381w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><em>Voj\u00e1ci z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch departement\u00e1ln\u00edch rot, invalida a veter\u00e1n (Alfred de Marbot)<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">15 fyzil\u00edrsk\u00fdch rot bylo slou\u010deno do pluku (tzv. <em>V\u00e9t\u00e9rans Bourgeois<\/em>, M\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u0161t\u00ed veter\u00e1ni), kter\u00fd byl pos\u00e1dkou v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei. Ostatn\u00ed tvo\u0159ily 10 p\u016flbrig\u00e1d veter\u00e1n\u016f (<em>demi-brigades de v\u00e9t\u00e9rans<\/em>) o t\u0159ech batalionech a slou\u017eily jako pos\u00e1dky r\u016fzn\u00fdch pevnost\u00ed a jin\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch objekt\u016f. D\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e9 roty byly speci\u00e1ln\u011b ur\u010deny k\u00a0ostraze pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch bateri\u00ed, jejich obsluze a v\u00fdcviku d\u011blost\u0159elc\u016f pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ee.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Aby se voj\u00e1k mohl st\u00e1t c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdm veter\u00e1nem, musel m\u00edt odslou\u017eeno alsepo\u0148 24 let, nebo utr\u017eit v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 zran\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/napoleonova-armada-v-roce-1805\/\">Zp\u011bt na obsah.<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[i]<\/a> Zda byl dekret z 2. dopl\u0148kov\u00e9ho dne roku XIII (19. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1805), kter\u00fd v\u00a0pluc\u00edch \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty zav\u00e1d\u011bl volti\u017e\u00e9rsk\u00e9 roty, aplikov\u00e1n i na \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 pluky, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b byl-li vyd\u00e1n jin\u00fd podobn\u00fd organiza\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159edpis, literatura neuv\u00e1d\u00ed (slo\u017een\u00ed pluk\u016f je definov\u00e1no p\u0159\u00edmo ve smlouv\u011b z\u00a027. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1803). Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed volti\u017e\u00e9rsk\u00e9 roty nam\u00edsto 2. fyzil\u00edrsk\u00e9 je v\u0161ak v\u00edce ne\u017e pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9. Uniformy volti\u017e\u00e9r\u016f \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fdch pluk\u016f jsou v\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b studi\u00ed pops\u00e1ny (nap\u0159. Dempseym na str. 304 uveden\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce publikovan\u00e1 v\u00a0Bernu v\u00a0roce 1808).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[ii]<\/a> Tzv. <em>Compagnies auxiliaires d\u2019hommes noirs<\/em> zalo\u017een\u00e9 29. kv\u011btna 1802.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[iii]<\/a> Jm\u00e9no pluku ofici\u00e1ln\u011b obsahovalo francouzsk\u00fd p\u0159epis n\u00e1zvu kn\u00ed\u017eectv\u00ed Isenburg.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ve francouzsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b existovalo mnoho pomocn\u00fdch (troupes auxiliaires), cizineck\u00fdch (troupes \u00e9trang\u00e8res) a nepravideln\u00fdch jednotek (corps irr\u00e9guliers), je\u017e nebyly administrativn\u011b sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty, jezdectva, d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e9ho, nebo \u017eenijn\u00edho sboru. Sbor c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdch veter\u00e1n\u016f (Corps des v\u00e9t\u00e9rans imp\u00e9riaux) byl vytvo\u0159en dekretem z 27. flor\u00e9alu roku XIII.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129,6214],"tags":[6218,5918,6219,6217,5931],"class_list":["post-15950","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezobrazovat-na-homepage","category-texty_bez_rubriky","tag-cizinecke-jednotky","tag-napoleonova-armada","tag-napoleonovi-veterani","tag-neradove-jednotky","tag-treti-koalicni-valka"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15950","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15950"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15950\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16097,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15950\/revisions\/16097"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15950"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15950"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15950"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}