{"id":16244,"date":"2020-02-15T09:31:49","date_gmt":"2020-02-15T07:31:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/?p=16244"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:32:45","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:32:45","slug":"ruska-armada-1805-iii-armada-ruskeho-cara-od-a-do-z-myslivci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/ruska-armada-1805-iii-armada-ruskeho-cara-od-a-do-z-myslivci\/","title":{"rendered":"Rusk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da 1805 \u2013 III. Arm\u00e1da rusk\u00e9ho cara od A do Z (myslivci)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>Karel Kl\u00e1til: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/ruska-armada-v-bitve-u-austerlitzu-v-roce-1805\/\">Rusk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da v bitv\u011b u Austerlitzu v roce 1805<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\">Mysliveck\u00e1 p\u011bchota<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">(<em>podrobn\u011bji v <\/em><em>p\u0159\u00edloze \u010d\u00edslo 1<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">U\u017e z\u00a0\u00favodu t\u00e9to kapitoly v\u00edme, \u017ee v\u00a0popisovan\u00e9 dob\u011b existovalo 21 pluk\u016f mysliveck\u00e9 p\u011bchoty. Na rozd\u00edl od \u0159adov\u00fdch nem\u011bly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy, pouze po\u0159adov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo. V\u00fdnosem z 30. dubna 1802 byla na\u0159\u00edzena nov\u00e1 <strong>organizace<\/strong> mysliveck\u00fdch pluk\u016f \u2013 t\u0159i <strong>mysliveck\u00e9<\/strong> bataliony, ka\u017ed\u00fd o \u010dty\u0159ech mysliveck\u00fdch rot\u00e1ch (<em>v tomto obdob\u00ed se je\u0161t\u011b roty uvnit\u0159 batalionu nerozli\u0161ovaly podle funkce<\/em>). Tabulkov\u00fd po\u010det pluku \u010d\u00edtal <strong>1495<\/strong> mu\u017e\u016f ( <em>46 d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f v\u0161ech hodnost\u00ed, 96 podd\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f, 32 hudebn\u00edk\u016f, 1200 myslivc\u016f a 121 d\u016fst. a mu\u017e\u016f ne\u0159adov\u00e9ho stavu<\/em> ). Tak\u00e9 u mysliveck\u00e9 pluky zanech\u00e1valy v\u00a0m\u00edst\u011b sv\u00e9 pos\u00e1dky p\u0159ed odchodem na ta\u017een\u00ed jednu rotu. Ta byla, stejn\u011b jako u \u0159adov\u00fdch pluk\u016f, slo\u017eena z\u00a0nemocn\u00fdch a pochodu neschopn\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f\u00a0 &#8211; cca 115 mu\u017e\u016f. V\u00a0poli byl tedy pluk \/<em>za p\u0159edpokladu pln\u00e9ho stavu<\/em>\/ schopen postavit <strong>1259 <\/strong>mu\u017e\u016f. <em>Na tomto m\u00edst\u011b je t\u0159eba vysv\u011btlit pojem <\/em><strong>\u201ene\u0159adov\u00fd stav\u201c<\/strong><em> ( n\u011bkdy nespr\u00e1vn\u011b naz\u00fdvan\u00fd \u201enebojov\u00fd\u201c).Do t\u00e9to kategorie byli za\u0159azeni &#8211; u v\u0161ech druh\u016f vojsk &#8211;\u00a0 d\u016fstojn\u00edci, podd\u016fstojn\u00edci a mu\u017ei, kte\u0159\u00ed se nepod\u00edleli bezprost\u0159edn\u011b na bojov\u00e9 \u010dinnosti \u2013 plukovn\u00e1 \u0159emesln\u00edci, p\u00edsa\u0159i, lazaretn\u00ed person\u00e1l, spr\u00e1vn\u00ed apar\u00e1t pluku ( z\u00e1sobovatel, nadvozn\u00fd, l\u00e9ka\u0159i, duchovn\u00ed, apod.), vozatajstvo a hr\u00e1\u010di plukovn\u00ed hudby. Hudebn\u00edci za\u0159azen\u00ed do sestavy pat\u0159ili k\u00a0\u0159adov\u00e9mu stavu! \u010c\u00e1st z\u00a0nich ( zejm\u00e9na pomocn\u00edci plukovn\u00edch \u0159emesln\u00edk\u016f ) nebyla ani vyzbrojena. Tolik dlu\u017en\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed pojmu, kter\u00fd u\u017e n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t zazn\u011bl a n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t se je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0textu objev\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Taktika<\/strong> rusk\u00fdch myslivc\u016f vznikala od sam\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku jejich existence jaksi \u201ena kolen\u011b\u201c. Platn\u00fd Poln\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d se o nich v\u00fdslovn\u011b nezmi\u0148uje (<em>Pavel I. jim p\u0159isuzoval roli rychl\u00e9 p\u011bchoty<\/em>) a tak jedin\u00fdm v\u00fdcvikov\u00fdm p\u0159edpisem byly <em>\u201ePozn\u00e1mky k\u00a0p\u011bchotn\u00ed slu\u017eb\u011b a k\u00a0mysliveck\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na\u201c<\/em>. Myslivci Podolsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy byli vlastn\u011b pod \u201eodborn\u00fdm dohledem\u201c, proto\u017ee autorem zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edru\u010dky nebyl nikdo jin\u00fd, ne\u017e s\u00e1m Kutuzov. Ten byl, je\u0161t\u011b za panov\u00e1n\u00ed carevny Kate\u0159iny II., n\u011bkolik let velitelem Bugsk\u00e9ho mysliveck\u00e9ho sboru a pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 taktick\u00e9 pou\u010dky vych\u00e1zely v\u011bt\u0161inou z\u00a0jeho pera. V\u00a0roce\u00a0 1805 byli myslivci je\u0161t\u011b cvi\u010deni stejn\u011b, jako \u0159adov\u00e1 p\u011bchota (<em>mysliveck\u00e9 bataliony byly \u010dasto \u0159azeny na k\u0159\u00eddla bitevn\u00ed sestavy<\/em>), odborn\u00fd v\u00fdcvik byl jakousi nadstavbou. Taktika st\u0159eleck\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bz\u016f, naplno pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1\u00a0 po roce 1810, byla v\u00a0za\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch ( <em>zde je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee tuto taktiku zcela b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaly \u2013 ke kryt\u00ed rozvinuj\u00edc\u00edch se batalion\u016f \u2013 i pluky \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty: nap\u0159. u Krem\u017ee byl \u201ev strelki\u201c vysl\u00e1n kompletn\u00ed gran\u00e1tnick\u00fd batalion Ap\u0161eronsk\u00e9ho pluku <\/em>). Jedin\u00fdm rozd\u00edlem bylo, \u017ee myslivci stav\u011bli do \u0159et\u011bzu dvojice a \u0159adov\u00e1 p\u011bchota trojice mu\u017e\u016f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">St\u0159eleck\u00fd \u0159et\u011bz se vy\u010dle\u0148oval\u00a0 od libovoln\u00e9ho po\u010dtu rot v\u00a0batalionu \u2013 z\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 roty bylo pro tuto \u010dinnost vycvi\u010deno 18 \u2013 24 nejlep\u0161\u00edch st\u0159elc\u016f. T\u011bm velel jeden z\u00a0d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f roty, cel\u00e9mu \u0159et\u011bzu veleli d\u016fstojn\u00edci t\u0159i \u2013 star\u0161\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edk a d\u016fstojn\u00edci pro ka\u017edou polovinu \u0159et\u011bzu. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0nich mn\u011bl pro svou ochranu dva \u201ezastrel\u010diky\u201c \u2013 ostrost\u0159elce, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 fungovali jako spojky. U star\u0161\u00edho d\u016fstojn\u00edka byl buben\u00edk ur\u010den\u00fd pro p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed povel\u016f, buben\u00edk u velitele ka\u017ed\u00e9 z\u00a0polovin sign\u00e1ly de\u0161ifroval a oznamoval je d\u016fstojn\u00edkovi. Na dan\u00fd povel se \u0159et\u011bz rychle p\u0159em\u00edstil 80 \u2013 100 krok\u016f p\u0159ed sestavu batalionu ( <em>bu\u010f vlastn\u00edho, nebo toho, k\u00a0jeho\u017e ochran\u011b byl ur\u010den <\/em>), zastavil se a vyrovnal. Mezi \u201edvojkami\u201c byly vzd\u00e1lenosti 40-50 krok\u016f, st\u0159elci ve dvojici st\u00e1li od sebe p\u011bt krok\u016f ( <em>mimochodem \u2013 st\u0159elci v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 dvojici se naz\u00fdvali soudruzi \/ tovari\u0161\u010di \/ &#8211; tehdy to slovo hanliv\u00fd v\u00fdznam je\u0161t\u011b nem\u011blo)<\/em>. Na dan\u00fd povel vyb\u011bhl prav\u00fd z\u00a0dvojice 15 krok\u016f vp\u0159ed, vyst\u0159elil a rychl\u00fdm krokem se vr\u00e1til na p\u016fvodn\u00ed m\u00edsto \u2013 zbra\u0148 nab\u00edjel za ch\u016fze \u201epo myslivecku\u201c. Po jeho n\u00e1vratu provedl tot\u00e9\u017e lev\u00fd st\u0159elec ( <em>na stanovi\u0161ti mohli myslivci i zalehnout \u2013 byli k\u00a0tomu cvi\u010deni<\/em> ). Tak prob\u00edhala \u010dinnost, \u0161lo-li o naru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed nastupuj\u00edc\u00edch nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch kolon \u2013 hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem byli jejich d\u016fstojn\u00edci a buben\u00edci. St\u0159eleck\u00fd \u0159et\u011bz mohl t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem zabezpe\u010dovat i postup batalionu v\u00a0neprozkouman\u00e9m, nebo nep\u0159ehledn\u00e9m ter\u00e9nu. V\u00a0tom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b za n\u00edm batalion postupoval v\u00a0ur\u010den\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti v\u00a0kolon\u00e1ch. Takov\u00fd pr\u016fzkum byl prov\u00e1d\u011bn na sign\u00e1l <em>\u201eTich\u00fd chod\u201c<\/em> \u2013 st\u0159elbu v\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zahajoval \u0159et\u011bz pouze p\u0159i styku s\u00a0nep\u0159\u00edtelem.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Jak vidno, ne\u0161lo zde o \u017e\u00e1dnou \u201epartyz\u00e1nskou v\u00e1lku\u201c \u2013 st\u0159eleck\u00fd \u0159et\u011bz byl pom\u011brn\u011b komplikovanou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. Myslivci b\u00fdvali tak\u00e9 \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ni k\u00a0br\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed men\u0161\u00edch op\u011brn\u00fdch bod\u016f, t\u011b\u017eko pr\u016fchodn\u00fdch m\u00edst, apod. K\u00a0palebn\u00e9 podpo\u0159e byla od lehk\u00fdch d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00fdch rot vy\u010dle\u0148ov\u00e1na dv\u011b d\u011bla na pluk. U myslivc\u016f samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nebylo uplat\u0148ov\u00e1no omezen\u00ed \u0161esti cvi\u010dn\u00fdch ran do roka \u2013 naopak, pokud mo\u017eno byli k\u00a0t\u011bmto pluk\u016fm za\u0159azov\u00e1ni odvedenci s\u00a0loveckou prax\u00ed a v\u00a0dob\u011b m\u00edru si svou st\u0159eleckou dovednost cvi\u010dili tak, \u017ee byli vys\u00edl\u00e1ni k\u00a0loven\u00ed zv\u011b\u0159e. Krom st\u0159elby tak z\u00e1sobovali zv\u011b\u0159inou ostatn\u00ed pluky v\u00a0inspekci ( <em>zejm\u00e9na pochopiteln\u011b d\u016fstojnick\u00e9 stoly <\/em>). Zaj\u00edmav\u00fd v\u00fdcvik ve st\u0159elb\u011b p\u0159edepisuj\u00ed u\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 Kutuzovovy \u201ePozn\u00e1mky\u2026\u201c. Jeden z\u00a0myslivc\u016f t\u00e1hl na dlouh\u00e9m lan\u011b ter\u010d o rozm\u011brech lidsk\u00e9 postavy a \u0161est dal\u0161\u00edch, rozestaven\u00fdch pod\u00e9l dr\u00e1hy ter\u010de, po ter\u010di z\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch poloh st\u0159\u00edlelo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Stejnokroj<\/strong> myslivc\u016f vych\u00e1zel z\u00a0p\u011bchotn\u00edho. Tak\u00e9 on byl zaveden rozkazem ze dne 30. dubna 1802 a obsahoval tyto sou\u010d\u00e1sti: kab\u00e1tec, kalhoty soukenn\u00e9 a pl\u00e1t\u011bn\u00e9, polovysok\u00e9 boty, n\u00e1kr\u010dn\u00edk, t\u00e1borovou \u010dapku, pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, poloko\u017e\u00ed\u0161ek a osobn\u00ed pr\u00e1dlo (<em>rubachy, spodky, pun\u010dochy a onuce<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;padding-left: 30px\"><strong>\u010c\u00e1ka:<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: justify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/8-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-16209 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/8-1-226x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"226\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/8-1-226x300.jpg 226w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/8-1-113x150.jpg 113w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/8-1.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 226px) 100vw, 226px\" \/><\/a>u mysliveck\u00fdch pluk\u016f zavedena d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e u \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty \u2013 u\u017e v\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1802. V\u00fd\u0161kou a zhotoven\u00edm odpov\u00eddala t\u00e9 p\u011bchotn\u00ed, jin\u00fd byl pouze \u0161t\u00edtek. Byl zhotoven z\u00a0tuh\u00e9 \u010dern\u011bn\u00e9 k\u016f\u017ee a k\u00a0\u010d\u00e1ce byl napevno p\u0159i\u0161it tak, \u017ee tvo\u0159il jakousi krempu s\u00a0dlouh\u00fdm \u010deln\u00edm a kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm t\u00fdln\u00edm \u0161t\u00edtkem, ty byly propojeny \u00fazk\u00fdmi, dol\u016f ohnut\u00fdmi boky. \u010celn\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtek byl formov\u00e1n do ostr\u00e9ho oblouku a jeho p\u0159edn\u00ed hrana opat\u0159ena kov\u00e1n\u00edm. Zdoben\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ky a rozli\u0161ovac\u00ed znaky stejn\u00e9 jako u \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty (viz p\u0159\u00edloha \u010d.\u00a0 ). D\u016fstojn\u00edci v\u0161ech hodnost\u00ed m\u011bli p\u0159edeps\u00e1n klobouk stejn\u00e9ho proveden\u00ed, jako u p\u011bchoty \u2013 p\u00e9\u0159ov\u00e1 ozdoba byla zelen\u00e9 barvy. Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee i oni nosili zdoben\u00e9 verze p\u011bchotn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1k (viz \u0159adov\u00e1 p\u011bchota).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Kab\u00e1tec:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;padding-left: 30px\">stejn\u00e9ho st\u0159ihu jako u \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty, zhotoven byl ale ze sukna sv\u011btlezelen\u00e9 barvy. Z\u00a0t\u00e9ho\u017e materi\u00e1lu byla tak\u00e9 pod\u0161\u00edvka a vylo\u017een\u00ed vn\u011b obr\u00e1cen\u00fdch \u0161os\u016f. Ty byly lemov\u00e1ny paspul\u00ed v\u00a0plukovn\u00ed barv\u011b. <em>Mysliveck\u00e9 pluky, i kdy\u017e byly za\u0159azeny do sestavy jednotliv\u00fdch inspekc\u00ed, nenosily na stejnokroj\u00edch barvu inspekce, ale ka\u017ed\u00e9mu pluku byla p\u0159id\u011blena jeho konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed barva.<\/em> Ze sukna t\u00e9to barvy byl zhotoven i l\u00edmec a man\u017eety kab\u00e1tce (<em>ve stejn\u00e9m proveden\u00ed jako u \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty<\/em>). Kab\u00e1tec <strong>d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f<\/strong> byl shodn\u00e9ho proveden\u00ed, pouze jeho \u0161osy byly del\u0161\u00ed \u2013 sahaly a\u017e do poloviny stehen. Kab\u00e1tce\u00a0\u00a0 mysliveck\u00fdch pluk\u016f nem\u011bly n\u00e1ramenn\u00edky!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Kalhoty:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: justify\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/9-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-16210 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/9-1-213x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"213\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/9-1-213x300.jpg 213w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/9-1-107x150.jpg 107w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/9-1.jpg 488w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 213px) 100vw, 213px\" \/><\/a><\/strong>u\u017e v\u00a0roce 1801 odlo\u017eili myslivci \u00fazk\u00e9 kalhoty uhersk\u00e9ho st\u0159ihu a tak\u00e9 nov\u00fd vzor stejnokroje ur\u010doval proveden\u00ed kalhot stejn\u00e9, jako u \u0159adov\u00fdch pluk\u016f. Soukenn\u00e9 (zimn\u00ed) kalhoty byly sv\u011btlezelen\u00e9, na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u0161vech lemovan\u00e9 paspul\u00ed v\u00a0plukovn\u00ed barv\u011b. Letn\u00ed kalhoty byly zhotovov\u00e1ny\u00a0 z\u00a0vl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho pl\u00e1tna b\u00edl\u00e9 barvy, bez paspule. Tak\u00e9 myslivci obl\u00e9kali pytlovit\u00e9 n\u00e1vlekov\u00e9 kalhoty, stejn\u00e9ho proveden\u00ed jako u p\u011bchoty.\u00a0 Kalhoty d\u016fstojnick\u00fdch stejnokroj\u016f byly stejn\u00e9 jako u mu\u017estva, povolovalo se no\u0161en\u00ed \u0161ed\u00fdch n\u00e1vlekov\u00fdch kalhot s\u00a0ko\u017een\u00fdm zes\u00edlen\u00edm. U d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f slou\u017e\u00edc\u00edch v\u00a0sedle byly tyto kalhoty p\u0159edepsanou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fdstroje.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;padding-left: 30px\"><strong>Pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: justify\">Ze sukna \u0161edohn\u011bd\u00e9 barvy, l\u00edmec jako u kab\u00e1tce. Ve v\u00fdstroji v\u0161ak nad\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1valy pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edchoz\u00edho vzoru\u00a0 z\u00a0\u010dern\u00e9ho sukna. Podle na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed m\u011bla b\u00fdt u pluku jednotn\u00e1 barva t\u00e9to sou\u010d\u00e1stky. V\u00a0letn\u00edm obdob\u00ed byly pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159epravov\u00e1ny bu\u010f na rotn\u00edch povozech, nebo je myslivci nosili slo\u017een\u00fd na v\u00edku torny (daleko \u010dast\u011bji ale jako bandal\u00edr p\u0159es lev\u00e9 rameno). D\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016fm bylo zak\u00e1z\u00e1no no\u0161en\u00ed pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165\u016f mu\u017estva, pro n\u011b byl ur\u010den \u0161irok\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 s\u00a0dv\u011bma l\u00edmci \u2013 stojat\u00fdm v\u00a0plukovn\u00ed barv\u011b a s\u00a0polopeler\u00ednou spl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed po lokty ruk\u00e1v\u016f. Byl shodn\u00fd i pro d\u016fstojn\u00edky \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ostatn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti stejnokroje a zp\u016fsob jejich no\u0161en\u00ed byly shodn\u00e9 s\u00a0\u0159adovou p\u011bchotou. Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u0159emen\u00ed mysliveck\u00e9 v\u00fdstroje bylo <strong><em>\u010dern\u00e9<\/em><\/strong>. Ozna\u010den\u00ed podd\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f a hudebn\u00edk\u016f viz \u0159adov\u00e1 p\u011bchota.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>V\u00fdzbroj:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Mysliveckou p\u011bchotu si v\u011bt\u0161ina m\u00e9n\u011b zasv\u011bcen\u00fdch \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f ur\u010dit\u011b spoj\u00ed se jedinou palnou zbran\u00ed \u2013 \u0161tucem. Nen\u00ed to v\u0161ak \u00fapln\u00e1 pravda \u2013 touto p\u0159esnou zbran\u00ed byli v\u00a0popisovan\u00e9 dob\u011b vyzbrojeni v\u0161ichni rotn\u00ed podd\u016fstojn\u00edci a dvacet nejlep\u0161\u00edch st\u0159elc\u016f z\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 roty. N\u00e1le\u017eel k\u00a0n\u00ed mysliveck\u00fd kord\u00edk (<em>v n\u011bkter\u00fdch pramenech naz\u00fdvan\u00fd mysliveck\u00fdm tes\u00e1kem<\/em>). Zbytek \u0159adov\u00e9ho mu\u017estva byl vyzbrojen b\u011b\u017enou p\u011bchotn\u00ed pu\u0161kou a k\u00a0n\u00ed n\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00edm tulejov\u00fdm bod\u00e1kem.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;padding-left: 30px\">Mysliveck\u00fd \u0161tucer (\u0161tuc) vz. 1798<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;padding-left: 30px\">K\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00edm mysliveck\u00fdm batalion\u016fm za\u010dala tato zbra\u0148 p\u0159ich\u00e1zet u\u017e koncem roku 1797, jej\u00ed vzor je v\u0161ak datov\u00e1n a\u017e rokem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm. Postupn\u011b nahrazovala d\u0159\u00edve pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 \u0161tucery. Zbra\u0148 poch\u00e1zela z\u00a0tulsk\u00e9 zbrojovky, jej\u00ed r\u00e1\u017ee byla <strong>15,6mm<\/strong>, d\u00e9lka hlavn\u011b: <strong>947mm<\/strong> a celkov\u00e1 hmotnost zbran\u011b<strong> 4,2kg<\/strong>. Jej\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e1 hlave\u0148 s\u00a0osmi poli zabezpe\u010dovala v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dost\u0159el a p\u0159esnost st\u0159elby, tyto vlastnosti v\u0161ak byly vykoupeny nam\u00e1hav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm nab\u00edjen\u00edm \u2013 zarazit nabij\u00e1kem kuli dr\u00e1\u017ekovou hlavn\u00ed vy\u017eadovalo po\u017eit\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed fyzick\u00e9 s\u00edly. <em>(Data k\u00a0p\u011bchotn\u00ed pu\u0161ce najde \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 v\u00a0popisu v\u00fdzbroje <a href=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/ruska-armada-1805-iii-armada-ruskeho-cara-od-a-do-z-pechota\/\">\u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty<\/a>.)<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;padding-left: 30px\">Z\u00e1sobu n\u00e1boj\u016f nosil myslivec vyzbrojen\u00fd \u0161tucerem ve zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed n\u00e1bojov\u00e9 bra\u0161n\u011b \u2013 m\u011bl ji navle\u010denou na opasku a sahala od b\u0159icha, pod\u00e9l prav\u00e9ho boku, a\u017e k\u00a0rozparku kab\u00e1tce. Opasek \u2013 z\u00a0\u010dern\u00e9 k\u016f\u017ee \u2013 m\u011bl z\u00a0tohoto d\u016fvodu p\u0159ezku na lev\u00e9m boku. Myslivci vyzbrojen\u00ed p\u011bchotn\u00ed pu\u0161kou nosili n\u00e1boje v n\u00e1bojov\u00e9 bra\u0161n\u011b p\u011bchotn\u00edho vzoru, zav\u011b\u0161en\u00e9 na \u0159emeni z\u00a0\u010dern\u00e9 k\u016f\u017ee. Na opasku, vlevo od p\u0159ezky, byl p\u0159i\u0161it kr\u00e1tk\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011bsn\u00edk pro tulejov\u00fd bod\u00e1k, nebo kord\u00edk (<em>podle druhu paln\u00e9 zbran\u011b nositele<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/10-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-16211\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/10-2-536x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/10-2-536x1024.jpg 536w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/10-2-79x150.jpg 79w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/10-2-157x300.jpg 157w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/10-2-768x1467.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/10-2.jpg 1404w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 536px) 100vw, 536px\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/ruska-armada-v-bitve-u-austerlitzu-v-roce-1805\/\"><em>Zp\u011bt na obsah.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V popisovan\u00e9 dob\u011b existovalo 21 pluk\u016f mysliveck\u00e9 p\u011bchoty. Na rozd\u00edl od \u0159adov\u00fdch nem\u011bly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy, pouze po\u0159adov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129,6214],"tags":[5894,6246,6247],"class_list":["post-16244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezobrazovat-na-homepage","category-texty_bez_rubriky","tag-lehka-pechota","tag-myslivci","tag-ruska-armada-1805"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16244"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16261,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16244\/revisions\/16261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}