{"id":16303,"date":"2020-06-30T17:04:04","date_gmt":"2020-06-30T15:04:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/?p=16303"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:32:45","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:32:45","slug":"110-let-mohyly-miru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/110-let-mohyly-miru\/","title":{"rendered":"110 let Mohyly m\u00edru"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Letos si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me 110 let od zalo\u017een\u00ed stavby Pam\u00e1tn\u00edku Mohyla m\u00edru. V\u00a0roce 1910 se toti\u017e po mnoh\u00fdch prodlev\u00e1ch a zdr\u017een\u00edch kone\u010dn\u011b za\u010dal stav\u011bt prvn\u00ed m\u00edrov\u00fd pam\u00e1tn\u00edk v\u00a0Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">S\u00e9rii ud\u00e1lost\u00ed roku 1910 lze zrekonstruovat dle dochovan\u00e9 korespondence mezi P. Aloisem Slov\u00e1kem, ideov\u00fdm otcem pam\u00e1tn\u00edku a p\u0159edsedou Komit\u00e9tu pro z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00e9ho ossaria na \u00fapln\u011b opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9m boji\u0161ti slavkovsk\u00e9m, a Josefem Fantou, architektem, kter\u00fd dal pam\u00e1tn\u00edku podobu i jm\u00e9no. V lednu roku 1910 byla vybr\u00e1na stavebn\u00ed firma V\u00e1clava Nekvasila k\u00a0realizaci stavby. Na ja\u0159e bylo vyty\u010deno staveni\u0161t\u011b a 22. \u010dervna byla stavba zapo\u010data. Dokon\u010dena a otev\u0159ena m\u011bla b\u00fdt dle p\u016fvodn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu ji\u017e v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b nebo na podzim roku 1911. Ke konci z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se v\u00a0komit\u00e9tu za\u010dalo \u0161\u00ed\u0159it zklam\u00e1n\u00ed nad spoluprac\u00ed s\u00a0Josefem Fantou a pochybovalo se dokonce i o tom, \u017ee mu Slov\u00e1k po\u017eadavky jm\u00e9nem Komit\u00e9tu p\u00ed\u0161e: ,,<em>Jako jsme dosud chv\u00e1tali do ka\u017ed\u00e9 sch\u016fze (<\/em>komit\u00e9tu, pozn. autora<em>) s radost\u00ed, tak kr\u00e1\u010d\u00edme nyn\u00ed do n\u00ed s\u00a0jakousi obavou a odch\u00e1z\u00edme s\u00a0trpkost\u00ed. Pro\u010d? Pro velik\u00e9 zklam\u00e1n\u00ed.\u201c<\/em> Nicm\u00e9n\u011b je nutn\u00e9 podotknout, \u017ee Fanta pracoval na n\u011bkolika projektech nar\u00e1z a nelibost vzbuzovala tak\u00e9 n\u00e1kladnost cel\u00e9 stavby, jej\u00ed bohat\u00fd zevn\u011bj\u0161ek a zat\u00edm pr\u00e1zdn\u00fd vnit\u0159ek, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e1 rozloha kaple, kter\u00e1 z\u016fst\u00e1vala pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1, nebo jednoduch\u00e1 z\u00e1krytn\u00e1 deska hrobky v\u00a0\u00farovni podlahy, kter\u00e1 p\u0159itom m\u011bla b\u00fdt tou nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed stavby. Za\u010dalo se proto po Fantovi po\u017eadovat, aby alespo\u0148 oslovoval dom\u00e1c\u00ed firmy a nikoli ty pra\u017esk\u00e9 a zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fd materi\u00e1l nahrazoval levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed alternativou.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/mohyla1910.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-16304\" src=\"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/mohyla1910-1024x685.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"584\" height=\"391\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/mohyla1910-1024x685.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/mohyla1910-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/mohyla1910-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/mohyla1910-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/mohyla1910-448x300.jpg 448w, https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/mohyla1910.jpg 1344w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">V\u00a0roce 1910 je\u0161t\u011b nebyla ust\u00e1lena kone\u010dn\u00e1 podoba pam\u00e1tn\u00edku. Vze\u0161el toti\u017e n\u00e1vrh, \u017ee jedna z\u00a0n\u00e1pisov\u00fdch desek pod elipsoidem, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b na zadn\u00ed stran\u011b Mohyly u budovy muzea, bude nahrazena oknem. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed m\u011blo dvoj\u00ed opodstatn\u011bn\u00ed, zaprv\u00e9 snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0vrcholu Mohyly pro p\u0159\u00edpad pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch opravn\u00fdch prac\u00ed, zadruh\u00e9 p\u0159irozen\u00e9 sv\u011btlo uvnit\u0159 kaple. Fanta v\u0161ak nad\u00e1le trval i na \u010dtvrt\u00e9 desce n\u00e1pisn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Dle Nekvasilovy firmy m\u011bla b\u00fdt cel\u00e1 hrub\u00e1 stavba do po\u010d\u00e1tku zimy 1910 hotova, aby nez\u016fstala odkryt\u00e1 a nedo\u0161lo tak k\u00a0jej\u00edmu po\u0161kozen\u00ed. Av\u0161ak v\u00a0listopadu stavb\u011b nep\u0159\u00e1lo po\u010das\u00ed, d\u011bln\u00edci trp\u011bli zimou a siln\u00fdm v\u011btrem, kter\u00fd st\u011b\u017eoval pr\u00e1ci. N\u00e1klad se musel na kopec dov\u00e1\u017eet v\u011bt\u0161inou ze \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed stanice v Sokolnic\u00edch, av\u0161ak kvalita cesty byla velmi \u0161patn\u00e1. Proto se dohodlo, \u017ee \u017eelezn\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017e, dopraven\u00fd z\u00a0Prahy po \u017eeleznici, bude p\u0159es zimu ulo\u017een v\u00a0kapli a instalov\u00e1n a\u017e z\u00a0jara n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho roku. Cel\u00e1 \u017eelezn\u00e1 konstrukce v\u0161ak byla z\u00a0Prahy nakonec expedov\u00e1na a\u017e v\u00a0kv\u011btnu roku 1911.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Obrovsk\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ekosti zp\u016fsoboval komit\u00e9tu tak\u00e9 nedostatek financ\u00ed: \u201e<em>Jak bude d\u00e1le, kdy pracn\u011b sebran\u00e9 pen\u00edze \u00fapln\u011b jsou vy\u010derp\u00e1ny? Jak r\u00e1di bychom dali, kdybychom m\u011bli- B\u016fh jest na\u0161\u00edm sv\u011bdkem.<\/em>\u201c Fanta navrhoval otev\u0159\u00edt Mohylu ve\u0159ejnosti neza\u0159\u00edzenou, co\u017e komit\u00e9t odm\u00edtal, av\u0161ak ji\u017e n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed rok uznal, \u017ee je t\u0159eba vnit\u0159n\u00ed v\u00fdzdobu co nejv\u00edce zjednodu\u0161it. Jeden z\u00a0\u010dlen\u016f komit\u00e9tu si na svou \u017eivotn\u00ed pojistku dokonce vyp\u016fj\u010dil v\u00a0bance pen\u00edze a ty daroval na v\u00fdzdobu kaple.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Jak tedy vypadala Mohyla m\u00edru na konci roku 1910? Hrub\u00e1 stavba byla t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 hotova, zb\u00fdvalo obezd\u00edt klenut\u00ed kaple, aby se mohlo p\u0159ej\u00edt k\u00a0dokon\u010den\u00ed vr\u0161ku stavby. Hotova nebyla ani socha\u0159sk\u00e1 v\u00fdzdoba. Ke slavnostn\u00edmu sv\u011bcen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se m\u011blo p\u016fvodn\u011b konat 18. srpna roku 1911, by se dodaly sochy \u017een k\u00a0port\u00e1lu, av\u0161ak sochy \u0161t\u00edtono\u0161\u016f by se stihly pouze s\u00a0propl\u00e1cen\u00edm ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky. Stejn\u011b tak nebyly hotov\u00e9 ani kovov\u00e9 ko\u0161e pro slavnostn\u00ed ohn\u011b, v\u011bnovac\u00ed n\u00e1pisy po stran\u00e1ch vchodu. U nich do\u0161lo je\u0161t\u011b k\u00a0vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, zda budou z\u00a0le\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho syenitu nebo z\u00a0m\u011bdi. Vnit\u0159ek kaple se nach\u00e1zel v\u00a0hrub\u00e9m stavu, jeho dokon\u010den\u00ed se je\u0161t\u011b ani nepl\u00e1novalo. Stejn\u011b tak olt\u00e1\u0159 a kryc\u00ed deska hrobky, na n\u011b\u017e je\u0161t\u011b nebyly vytvo\u0159eny ani rozpo\u010dty. P\u0159es p\u016fvodn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny byla stavba dokon\u010dena v\u00a0roce 1912.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Zdroj: Archiv architektury a stavitelstv\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00edho technick\u00e9ho muzea, fond Fanta Josef (\u010d. 10), kart. 106: Slavkov, Mohyla m\u00edru.<\/p>\n<p>Autor: Lucie Gregorov\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Letos si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me 110 let od zalo\u017een\u00ed stavby Pam\u00e1tn\u00edku Mohyla m\u00edru. V roce 1910 se toti\u017e po mnoh\u00fdch prodlev\u00e1ch a zdr\u017een\u00edch kone\u010dn\u011b za\u010dal stav\u011bt prvn\u00ed m\u00edrov\u00fd pam\u00e1tn\u00edk v Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":16304,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129,1,2],"tags":[6259],"class_list":["post-16303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezobrazovat-na-homepage","category-aktuality","category-historicka-mista","tag-mohyla-miru"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16303","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16303"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16303\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16305,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16303\/revisions\/16305"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16304"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16303"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16303"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16303"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}