{"id":576,"date":"2004-10-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2004-10-19T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/priprava-na-udileni-orlu-pariz-3-5-prosince-2004\/"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:33:55","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:33:55","slug":"priprava-na-udileni-orlu-pariz-3-5-prosince-2004","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/priprava-na-udileni-orlu-pariz-3-5-prosince-2004\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159\u00edprava na ud\u00edlen\u00ed orlic, Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e 3.-5. prosince 2004"},"content":{"rendered":"
Hlavn\u00edm smyslem akce je p\u0159ipomenout v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed t\u00e9to slavnostn\u00ed ud\u00e1losti, p\u0159iv\u00e9st na jedno m\u00edsto a v jeden \u010das kluby vojensk\u00e9 historie z cel\u00e9 Evropy, nav\u00e1zat nov\u00e9 kontakty p\u0159ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm desetilet\u00edm dvousetlet\u00fdch v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed let 1805-1815 a v nesposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b pomoci propagaci re-enactmentu jako st\u00e1le v\u00edce roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 a zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 n\u00e1pln\u011b voln\u00e9ho \u010dasu.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Na p\u016fvodn\u00edch m\u00edstech a na minutu dv\u011b stolet\u00ed po p\u016fvodn\u00ed ceremonii bude vybran\u00fdm sedmn\u00e1cti jednotk\u00e1m p\u0159ed\u00e1na kopie orlice vz. 1804 s \u017eerd\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm praporem. Dal\u0161\u00ed jednotky se z\u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed akce s orlicemi a prapory, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e vlastn\u00ed. A jin\u00fdm jednotk\u00e1m bude ud\u011blen prapor s jednoduchou \u0161pic\u00ed – z \u010d\u00e1sti proto, \u017ee jejich vzory orlici nidky nedostaly, z\u010d\u00e1sti vzhledem k pochopiteln\u00fdm omezen\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm po\u0159adatel\u016f. Celkem se na akci p\u0159ihl\u00e1silo 24 spolk\u016f z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, Francie, Belgie, N\u011bmecka, It\u00e1lie, Malty, Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie a Ruska. Dohromady se akce z\u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed na 300 nad\u0161enc\u016f v dobov\u00fdch uniform\u00e1ch.<\/div>\n

T\u011bmito slovy se c\u00edsa\u0159 Napol\u00e9on obr\u00e1til na sv\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky pot\u00e9, kdy jim p\u0159edal jejich orlice:<\/p>\n

„Soldats, voila vos drapeaux; ces Aigles vous serviront toujours de point de ralliement; ils seront partout ou votre Empereur les jugera n\u00e9cessaires pour la d\u00e9fense de son tr\u00f4ne et de son peuple. Vous jurez de sacrifier votre vie pour les d\u00e9fendre, et de les maintenir constamment par votre courage sur le chemin de la victoire.<\/span>„<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
„Voj\u00e1ci, toto jsou va\u0161e prapory; tyto orlice v\u00e1m budou ur\u010dovat m\u00edsto shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed; budou v\u0161ude, kde je bude v\u00e1\u0161 C\u00edsa\u0159 pova\u017eovat za nezbytn\u00e9 k obran\u011b sv\u00e9ho tr\u016fnu a sv\u00e9ho lidu. P\u0159\u00edsahejte ob\u011btovat \u017eivot k jejich ochran\u011b a v\u00e9st je svou state\u010dnost\u00ed neust\u00e1le po cest\u011b v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed.“<\/div>\n

Voj\u00e1ci p\u0159\u00edsahali – a pr\u00e1v\u011b tento okam\u017eik je zachycen na Davidov\u011b pl\u00e1tn\u011b…<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Novou orlici obdr\u017e\u00ed z\u00e1stupci n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch jednotek :<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • gran\u00e1tn\u00edci 1. batalionu 8. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z Belgie<\/li>\n
  • fyzil\u00ed\u0159i 2. batalionu 8. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/li>\n
  • fyzil\u00ed\u0159i 1. batalionu 18. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z Francie<\/li>\n
  • gran\u00e1tn\u00edci a volti\u017e\u00e9\u0159i 2. batalionu 18. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/li>\n
  • fyzil\u00ed\u0159i 3. batalionu 18. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z Ruska<\/li>\n
  • gran\u00e1tn\u00edci 1. batalionu 19. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z Malty<\/li>\n
  • gran\u00e1tn\u00edci 2. batalionu 22. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z N\u011bmecka<\/li>\n
  • volti\u017e\u00e9\u0159i 2. batalionu 30. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/li>\n
  • gran\u00e1tn\u00edci 1. batalionu 51. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z It\u00e1lie<\/li>\n
  • gran\u00e1tn\u00edci 1. batalionu 59. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z It\u00e1lie<\/li>\n
  • fyzil\u00ed\u0159i a volti\u017e\u00e9\u0159i 1. batalionu 113. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z It\u00e1lie<\/li>\n
  • myslivci 2. batalionu 9. pluku lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm slo\u017een\u00edm<\/li>\n
  • kanon\u00fd\u0159i 2. batalionu 5. pluku p\u011b\u0161\u00edho d\u011blost\u0159electva z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/li>\n
  • kanon\u00fd\u0159i 1. batalionu 6. pluku p\u011b\u0161\u00edho d\u011blost\u0159electva z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/li>\n
  • gran\u00e1tn\u00edci 1. batalionu Pluku p\u011b\u0161\u00edch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 gardy z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/li>\n
  • pol\u0161t\u00ed kopin\u00edci 1. eskadrony 1. pluku \u0161vali\u0161er\u016f-kopin\u00edk\u016f C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 gardy z Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie<\/li>\n
  • kyrysn\u00edci 1. eskadrony 5. kyrysnick\u00e9ho pluku z Ruska<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Vlastn\u00ed orlic\u00ed akci obohat\u00ed :<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • 1. pluk p\u011b\u0161\u00edch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 gardy z Francie<\/li>\n
    • Pluk p\u011b\u0161\u00edho d\u011blost\u0159electva C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 gardy z Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie, kter\u00e9mu bude p\u0159ed\u00e1n praporec 2. eskadrony pluku j\u00edzdn\u00edho d\u011blost\u0159electva C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 gardy<\/span><\/li>\n
    • 111. pluk \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z It\u00e1lie<\/li>\n
    • 2. dragounsk\u00fd pluk z Belgie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Prapor bez orlice bude p\u0159ed\u00e1n t\u011bmto jednotk\u00e1m :<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Pluk fyzil\u00edr\u016f-gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 gardy z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/li>\n
      • Batalion n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016f C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 gardy z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/li>\n
      • fyzil\u00edr\u016fm 1. batalionu 57. pluku \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        K \u010demu orlice slou\u017eila a jak s n\u00edm bylo nakl\u00e1d\u00e1no?<\/span><\/p>\n

        Orlice inspirovan\u00e1 odznaky \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch legi\u00ed hr\u00e1la p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dv\u011b role – symbolickou a praktickou. Ka\u017ed\u00fd batalion a ka\u017ed\u00e1 eskadrona arm\u00e1dy obdr\u017eely jednu. Na \u017eerdi pod orlic\u00ed byl p\u0159ipevn\u011bn prapor (rozm\u011br 80 x 80 cm, prapor dostaly pluky \u0159adov\u00e9 a lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty, p\u011b\u0161\u00ed gardov\u00e9 jednotky, p\u011b\u0161\u00ed d\u011blost\u0159electvo, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed d\u011blost\u0159electvo, ponton\u00fd\u0159i a veter\u00e1ni), standarta (rozm\u011br 60 x 60 cm, standartu dostaly pluky karabin\u00edk\u016f, kyrysn\u00edk\u016f, husar\u016f a gardov\u00fdch j\u00edzdn\u00edch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f), nebo praporec (rozm\u011br 60 x 70 \u010di 60 x 80 cm pro dragouny, j\u00edzdn\u00ed myslivce, d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00fd tr\u00e9n a gardov\u00e9 j\u00edzdn\u00ed myslivce). Tento presti\u017en\u00ed symbol jednotky, na n\u011bm\u017e c\u00edsa\u0159i velice z\u00e1le\u017eelo, byl st\u0159e\u017een jako oko v hlav\u011b. Jeho ztr\u00e1ta byla trag\u00e9di\u00ed. A jednotka, kter\u00e9 se takov\u00e9 ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed p\u0159ihodilo musela nez\u0159\u00eddka \u010dekat velmi dlouho, ne\u017e dostala od c\u00edsa\u0159e nov\u00fd, by\u0165 by ztr\u00e1ta p\u016fvodn\u00edho byla nezavin\u011bn\u00e1. Do pole nesly sv\u00e9 orlice pouze p\u011b\u0161\u00ed a jezdeck\u00e9 pluky. D\u011blost\u0159electvo operuj\u00edc\u00ed po rot\u00e1ch nikoli – ulo\u017eilo je v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei u sv\u00e9ho gener\u00e1ln\u00edho inspektora. Postupem \u010dasu byl po\u010det orlic u jednotek redukov\u00e1n na jednu na pluk, pro lehk\u00e9 jednotky nav\u00edc platil p\u0159\u00edkaz ponechat ji v pr\u016fb\u011bhu ta\u017een\u00ed v dom\u00e1c\u00ed pos\u00e1dce… ne v\u017edy byl respektov\u00e1n.<\/div>\n

        Z praktick\u00e9ho hlediska p\u0159edstavovala orlice jednak orienta\u010dn\u00ed bod pro velitele, jednak pom\u00e1hala vlastn\u00edmu batalionu \u010di eskadron\u011b v man\u00e9vru (vyzna\u010doval st\u0159ed sestavy). Orlice tak\u00e9 vyzna\u010dovala m\u00edsto nov\u00e9ho se\u0159azen\u00ed, pokud do\u0161lo v pr\u016fb\u011bhu boje k rozpadu formace. Orlici u p\u011bchoty nesla tzv. str\u00e1\u017e praporu slo\u017een\u00e1 p\u0159edpisov\u011b z jednoho ser\u017eant-majora (orlono\u0161e) a osmi kapr\u00e1l-fur\u00fdr\u016f fyzil\u00edrsk\u00fdch rot. V praxi bylo slo\u017een\u00ed t\u00e9to str\u00e1\u017ee r\u016fzn\u00e9. V\u017edy ji v\u0161ak (do roku 1808) tvo\u0159ilo dev\u011bt podd\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f ve t\u0159ech \u0159adech. Str\u00e1\u017e st\u00e1la na lev\u00e9m k\u0159\u00eddle 2. sekce 4. pelotonu, byla jej\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a p\u0159izp\u016fsobovala se v\u0161em jej\u00edm man\u00e9vr\u016fm. Orlono\u0161em byl bu\u010f slu\u017eebn\u011b nejstar\u0161\u00ed, nebo plukovn\u00edkem osobn\u011b ur\u010den\u00fd ser\u017eant-major. D\u016fraz byl kladen na jeho schopnost dodr\u017eovat p\u0159esn\u00fd krok a sm\u011br pochodu – podle pohybu praporu se \u0159\u00eddil pohyb batalionu. P\u0159i palb\u011b se str\u00e1\u017e stahovala na \u00farove\u0148 t\u0159et\u00edho \u0159adu, p\u0159i postupu batalion v linii naopak jej\u00ed prvn\u00ed \u0159ad p\u0159edstoupil batalion o \u0161est krok\u016f, aby byl l\u00e9pe vid\u011bt a pochod 120 m \u0161irok\u00e9 formace byl co nejv\u00edce pravideln\u00fd.<\/p>\n

        U jezdectva nesl orlici zpo\u010d\u00e1tku plukovn\u00edkem vybran\u00fd \u010deta\u0159 prav\u00e9 roty ka\u017ed\u00e9 eskadrony. Jezdectvo nestav\u011blo str\u00e1\u017e, orlono\u0161 byl za\u0159azen v prvn\u00edm \u0159adu na lev\u00e9m k\u0159\u00eddle sv\u00e9 roty a orlice plnila obdobn\u00e9 funkce jako u p\u011bchoty (v\u017edy v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1vala na sv\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b).<\/p>\n

        \n

        Jednotky ostatn\u00edch zbran\u00ed sv\u00e9 orly u\u017eily maxim\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159i pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00fdch p\u0159ehl\u00eddk\u00e1ch a dal\u0161\u00edch ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech. P\u0159edpis z 1. srpna 1791 p\u0159esn\u011b stanovil, jak prapore\u010dn\u00edk praporem zdrav\u00ed, jak jej dr\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        \u00a9 DAVAY COMMUNICATIONS 2004, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FOR PROJECT AUSTERLITZ 2005<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Ve dnech 3.-5. prosince 2004 prob\u011bhne v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei netrp\u011bliv\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 akce u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti dvoust\u00e9ho v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed ud\u00edlen\u00ed orl\u016f. Akci po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 CENS v r\u00e1mci Projektu Austerlitz 2005 a bude sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed programu Salonu prvn\u00edho c\u00edsa\u0159stv\u00ed. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2517,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129,40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-576","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezobrazovat-na-homepage","category-pariz-2004"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/576","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=576"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/576\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17076,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/576\/revisions\/17076"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=576"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=576"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=576"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}