{"id":656,"date":"2005-06-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2005-06-21T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/napoleon-v-literature\/"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:33:44","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:33:44","slug":"napoleon-v-literature","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/napoleon-v-literature\/","title":{"rendered":"Napoleon v literatu\u0159e"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><font size=\"2\"><br \/><\/font><font size=\"2\"><img decoding=\"async\" vspace=\"5\" hspace=\"5\" border=\"0\" align=\"right\" alt=\"\" src=\"..\/..\/images\/austerlitz2005\/Napoleonvliterature.jpg\" \/><\/font><font size=\"2\">V tomto a leto&scaron;n&iacute;m roce, spojen&yacute;ch s v&yacute;ro\u010d&iacute;mi Napoleonovy korunovace, Slavkova i Waterloo, se pochopiteln\u011b ve Francii objevilo na t&eacute;ma Napoleon zna\u010dn&eacute; mno\u017estv&iacute; nov&yacute;ch d\u011bl i reedic, mezi nimi i d&iacute;la, je\u017e se orientuj&iacute; na odkaz \u010di odraz c&iacute;sa\u0159e Francouz\u016f v nejr\u016fzn\u011bj&scaron;&iacute;ch oborech. V&iacute;ce m&eacute;n\u011b n&aacute;hodn\u011b se mi do rukou dostala obs&aacute;hl&aacute; publikace Christiane B&eacute;nardeau <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Napol&eacute;on dans la litt&eacute;rature<\/span> (Nouveau Monde &Eacute;ditions\/Fondation Napol&eacute;on, Paris, 2004, 417 s.). Jej&iacute; autorka si jako c&iacute;l vytkla vytvo\u0159it reprezentativn&iacute; antologii text\u016f, kter&eacute; dokumentuj&iacute; odraz Napoleonovy osobnosti, d&iacute;la a doby ve sv\u011btov&eacute; literatu\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p><\/font><\/div>\n<p><BR><BR><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><font size=\"2\">&bdquo;Jsou tu zachycena v&scaron;echna liter&aacute;rn&iacute; obdob&iacute; od Chateaubrianda p\u0159es Huga a Malrauxe a\u017e po Patricka Rambauda,&ldquo; p&iacute;&scaron;e na p\u0159ebalu francouzsk&yacute; vydavatel. Autorka se zdaleka neomezuje na literaturu francouzskou, ukazuje odraz t&eacute;to osobnosti v literatu\u0159e rusk&eacute; (Dostojevskij, Pu&scaron;kin&#8230;), anglick&eacute; (Thomas Hardy, Anton Burgess&#8230;) polsk&eacute;, n\u011bmeck&eacute;, atd. Toto d&iacute;lo nen&iacute; u\u010debnic&iacute; liter&aacute;rn&iacute; historie \u010di encyklopedi&iacute;, ale knihou t\u011bkaj&iacute;c&iacute;, kde se m&iacute;s&iacute; rom&aacute;ny, divadeln&iacute; hry, poesie, ba i detektivky. Ur\u010duj&iacute;c&iacute; je jedin&eacute; krit&eacute;rium: kvalita psan&eacute;ho v&yacute;razu, a\u0165 u\u017e kr&aacute;sn&aacute;, dojemn&aacute;, bl&aacute;zniv&aacute;, \u010di sporn&aacute;.&ldquo;<\/font><\/div>\n<p><BR><BR><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><font size=\"2\"><br \/>Zastoupeno je p\u0159es sto deset autor\u016f a n\u011bkolikan&aacute;sobn\u011b v&iacute;c d\u011bl, v&scaron;e v kr&aacute;tk&yacute;ch &uacute;ryvc&iacute;ch a seskupeno do t&eacute;matick&yacute;ch okruh\u016f (Napoleonova osobnost, Napoleon a n&aacute;rody, Druzi, N\u011bkolik \u010dlen\u016f rodiny, N\u011bkolik postav, N\u011bkolik ud&aacute;lost&iacute;, A pot&eacute;&#8230;). Tento na prvn&iacute; pohled velmi reprezentativn&iacute; v&yacute;b\u011br se, bohu\u017eel, p\u0159i podrobn\u011bj&scaron;&iacute;m listov&aacute;n&iacute; jev&iacute; jako dosti jednostrann&yacute; a ne&uacute;pln&yacute;. Svoje v&yacute;hrady bych shrnul do n&aacute;sleduj&iacute;c&iacute;ch bod\u016f:<\/font><BR><BR><\/p>\n<p><BR><BR><\/p>\n<ul><BR><BR>    <\/p>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><font size=\"2\">autorka ve snaze zahrnout co nejv&iacute;ce uk&aacute;zek mnohdy zasazuje &uacute;ryvky z d\u011bl, je\u017e bych j&aacute; pova\u017eoval za d&iacute;la na pomez&iacute; literatury kr&aacute;sn&eacute; a memo&aacute;rov&eacute;, \u010di vysloven\u011b za memo&aacute;ry. P\u0159&iacute;klady? Chateaubriand je, pravda, klasik, ale jeho <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">M&eacute;moires d&acute;Outre-Tombe<\/span> bych do <em>belles-lettres<\/em> (kr&aacute;sn&aacute; literatura, z toho \u010desk&yacute; v&yacute;raz beletrie&#8230;) neza\u0159adil, stejn\u011b jako d&iacute;l\u010d&iacute; pr&aacute;ce Madame de Sta&euml;l a u\u017e v\u016fbec ne &uacute;ryvky z <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">M&eacute;moires de la Duchesse d&acute;Abrant&egrave;s<\/span><em>.<\/em>.  <\/font><\/li>\n<p><BR><BR>    <\/p>\n<li><font size=\"2\">jako Francouzce bych j&iacute; m\u011bl za zl&eacute;, \u017ee sice mnohokr&aacute;t uvedla &uacute;ryvky ze Stendhala (<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">\u010cerven&yacute; a \u010dern&yacute;<\/span>, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Kartouza Parmsk&aacute;<\/span>, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Lucien Leuwen<\/span> atd.), zcela j&iacute; v&scaron;ak uniklo, \u017ee v <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">\u017divot\u011b Henriho Br&ucirc;larda<\/span> je n\u011bkolik str&aacute;nek, v nich\u017e Henri Beyle\/Stendhal velmi osobit\u011b a sugestivn\u011b vzpom&iacute;n&aacute; na sv\u016fj p\u0159echod Velk&eacute;ho svat&eacute;ho Bernarda v zadn&iacute;m voji Z&aacute;lo\u017en&iacute; arm&aacute;dy roku 1800! P\u0159ekvapuje, \u017ee ze sou\u010dasn&yacute;ch autor\u016f tu nen&iacute; (mimo n\u011bkolika dal&scaron;&iacute;ch) Max Gallo \u010di m&eacute;n\u011b zn&aacute;m&yacute; Simiot (<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Carbec, mon Empereur!<\/span>; \u010desky nevy&scaron;lo).<\/font><\/li>\n<p><BR><BR>    <\/p>\n<li><font size=\"2\">velmi bolav&yacute;m b&iacute;l&yacute;m m&iacute;stem je, jak se zd&aacute;, neznalost kr&aacute;sn&eacute; literatury mimo anglofonn&iacute; a frankofonn&iacute; oblast. B&aacute;se\u0148 Heinricha Heina <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Dva grenad&yacute;\u0159i<\/span> tu autorka uvedla v p\u0159evypr&aacute;v\u011bn&iacute; do pr&oacute;zy bez pozn&aacute;mky, \u017ee se jedn&aacute; o ver&scaron;ovanou baladu! A to \u017eil Heine ve Francii tolik let&#8230; Zcela chyb&iacute; fundament&aacute;ln&iacute; polsk&aacute; literatura (by\u0165 tu nezbytn&eacute;ho Mickiewicze s <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Panem Tade&aacute;&scaron;em<\/span> najdeme), p\u0159edev&scaron;&iacute;m <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Popely<\/span> &Scaron;tefana \u017deromsk&eacute;ho (Francouz by o nich m\u011bl v\u011bd\u011bt minim&aacute;ln\u011b ze zfilmovan&eacute; verze, kterou kdysi nato\u010dil Andrzej Wajda) a nedokon\u010den&eacute; d&iacute;lo nositele Nobelovy ceny za literaturu Henryka Sienkiewicze <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Legie<\/span>. Z leh\u010d&iacute;ho \u017e&aacute;nru (kdy\u017e u\u017e je v uk&aacute;zk&aacute;ch t\u0159eba Dumasovo <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Bratrstvo J&eacute;hu<\/span>) chyb&iacute; ve statis&iacute;cov&yacute;ch n&aacute;kladech po cel&eacute;m sv\u011bt\u011b vyd&aacute;van&aacute; <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Desir&eacute;<\/span> od pan&iacute; Selinko, z rusk&eacute; literatury (kde najdeme Tolst&eacute;ho, Pu&scaron;kina, Lermontova a Dostojevsk&eacute;ho) postr&aacute;d&aacute;m (pominuli-li brakovou literaturu stalinskou) Okud\u017eavovo <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Dostaven&iacute;\u010dko s Bonapartem<\/span> \u010di <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Napoleona<\/span> od Mere\u017ekovsk&eacute;ho, z anglick&eacute; Howardovy <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Bonapartovy syny<\/span> a <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Bonapartovy d\u011bdice<\/span> (pokud jde o sou\u010dasnost a budeme-li se dr\u017eet toho, co zn&aacute;me v \u010de&scaron;tin\u011b), nemluv\u011b u\u017e o <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Jarmarku marnosti<\/span> od anglick&eacute;ho klasika Thackeraye&#8230; Z dal&scaron;&iacute;ch anglosask&yacute;ch autor\u016f &uacute;pln\u011b vypadl Joseph Conrad (<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Soupe\u0159i<\/span>, podle nich\u017e nato\u010dil Ridley Scott slavn&yacute; film, a <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">V&aacute;le\u010dnick&aacute; du&scaron;e<\/span>&#8230;; ani jedna z t\u011bchto novel \u010desky nevy&scaron;la) a dokonce i lord Byron. Stefan Zweig tu z Raku&scaron;an\u016f je sice zastoupen <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Josefem Fouch&eacute;<\/span>, pominout ale kapitolku o Waterloo z <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Hv\u011bzdn&yacute;ch hodin lidstva<\/span>? Pokud jde o dal&scaron;&iacute; velk&eacute; autory sou\u010dasnosti, postr&aacute;d&aacute;m tu &Scaron;pan\u011bla Arturo P&eacute;rez-Reverta s jeho <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Husarem<\/span> (rovn\u011b\u017e \u010desky nevy&scaron;el).  <\/font><\/li>\n<p><BR><BR><\/ul>\n<p><BR><BR><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><font size=\"2\">Nechci pokra\u010dovat d&aacute;l, musel bych jmenovat holandsk&eacute;ho Fabricia s jeho <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Tonkem z Napoleonovy arm&aacute;dy<\/span> (sice pro ml&aacute;de\u017e, le\u010d velmi dobr&eacute;), Forestovu kni\u017en&iacute; s&aacute;gu o Hornblowerovi&#8230; Je to vskutku, jak (nejsp&iacute;&scaron; necht\u011bn\u011b) napsal vydavatel, kniha t\u011bkav&aacute;; do &uacute;pln&eacute;ho obrazu j&iacute; chyb&iacute; hodn\u011b tah\u016f &scaron;t\u011btcem!<\/font><\/div>\n<p><BR><BR><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme v\u00e1m recenzi Ji\u0159\u00edho Kova\u0159\u00edka na novinku napoleonsk\u00e9 literatury s n\u00e1zvem &#8222;Napoleon v literatu\u0159e&#8220;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-656","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezobrazovat-na-homepage","category-recenze-a-anotace"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/656","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=656"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/656\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1505,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/656\/revisions\/1505"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=656"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=656"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=656"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}