{"id":851,"date":"2008-01-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-01-22T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/oudinotovi-granatnici-1803-1806-v-datech\/"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:33:29","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:33:29","slug":"oudinotovi-granatnici-1803-1806-v-datech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/oudinotovi-granatnici-1803-1806-v-datech\/","title":{"rendered":"Oudinotovi gran\u00e1tn\u00edci 1803-1806 v datech"},"content":{"rendered":"

22. listopadu 1803 <\/span>(30 brumaire an 12<\/span>)<\/p>\n

\n

\u25aa rozhodnuto o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed elitn\u00edch batalion\u016f, je\u017e m\u011bly tvo\u0159it z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed p\u011bchotn\u00ed sbor pro pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 vylod\u011bn\u00ed v Anglii. \u0158adov\u00e9 pluky \u010d. 9, 13, 58 a 81 a lehk\u00e9 pluky \u010d. 2, 3, 4, 12, 15, 22, 28 a 31 m\u011bly ka\u017ed\u00fd postavit jeden elitn\u00ed batalion tvo\u0159en\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1bem, t\u0159emi gran\u00e1tnick\u00fdmi\/karabinick\u00fdmi a t\u0159emi tzv. mysliveck\u00fdmi rotami, je\u017e byly tvo\u0159eny vybran\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky st\u0159edov\u00fdch rot. Jde o neofici\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edch\u016fdkyn\u011b volti\u017e\u00e9rsk\u00fdch rot zalo\u017een\u00fdch v\u00fdnosem ze 13. b\u0159ezna 1804 v pluc\u00edch lehk\u00e9 a dekretem z 19. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1805 v pluc\u00edch \u0159adov\u00e9 p\u011bchoty (Pluky \u0159adov\u00e9 a lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty 1805<\/a>) (1)<\/p>\n

6. prosince 1803 <\/span>(14 frimaire an 2<\/span>)<\/p>\n

\u25aa vyd\u00e1n v\u00fdnos, na jeho\u017e z\u00e1klad\u011b byly vytvo\u0159eny elitn\u00ed bataliony v r\u00e1mci \u0159adov\u00fdch pluk\u016f \u010d. 9, 13, 58 a 81 a lehk\u00fdch pluk\u016f \u010d. 2, 3, 4, 12, 15, 22, 28 a 31. (2)<\/p>\n

25. ledna 1804<\/span> (4 pluvi\u00f4se an 12<\/span>)<\/p>\n

\u25aa vyd\u00e1n rozkaz ke zformov\u00e1n\u00ed divize z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f (division de grenadiers de la r\u00e9serve<\/span>). Dvan\u00e1ct elitn\u00edch batalion\u016f vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozhodnut\u00ed z 22. listopadu a v\u00fdnosu z 6. prosince 1803 bylo slou\u010deno do \u0161esti pluk\u016f z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f. (3) Velitelem divize jmenov\u00e1n divizn\u00ed gener\u00e1l Jean-Andoche Junot (1771-1813). (4)<\/p>\n

29. kv\u011btna 1804<\/span> (9 prairial an 12<\/span>)<\/p>\n

\u25aa na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozkazu obsa\u017een\u00e9ho v Napoleonov\u011b dopisu ministru v\u00e1lky Berthierovi budou dva bataliony divize z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f z Arrasu p\u0159eveleny do Le Havre, kde budou rozm\u00edst\u011bny na paluby v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch lod\u00ed tamn\u00ed flotily. (5) Jde o bataliony 4. a 22. pluku lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty, je\u017e nad\u00e1le nebyly sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed divize z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

5. \u00fanora 1805 <\/span>(16 pluvi\u00f4se an 13<\/span>)<\/p>\n

\u25aa divizn\u00ed gener\u00e1l Nicolas-Charles Oudinot (1767-1847) p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 v Arrasu velen\u00ed divizi z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f, nahrazuje divizn\u00edho gener\u00e1la Jean-Andoche Junota (1771-1813). (6)<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem ta\u017een\u00ed roku 1805 byla divize sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed 5. arm\u00e1dn\u00edho sboru mar\u0161\u00e1la Lannesa, \u00fa\u010dastnila se boj\u016f u Wertingenu, obsazen\u00ed T\u00e1borsk\u00e9ho mostu, bitvy u Hollabrunnu (kde byl Oudinot ran\u011bn a nahrazen velkomar\u0161\u00e1lem pal\u00e1ce Durocem). U Slavkova byla p\u0159evelena do arm\u00e1dn\u00ed z\u00e1lohy:<\/p>\n

– Divize z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f; 10 batalion\u016f p\u011bchoty (4.655 mu\u017e\u016f), 8 d\u011bl (132 d\u011blost\u0159elc\u016f a 174 voj\u00e1k\u016f d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e9ho tr\u00e9nu), 33 sap\u00e9r\u016f \u017eenin\u00edho vojska.<\/p>\n

\u25aa velitel: divizn\u00ed gener\u00e1l Nicolas-Charles Oudinot
\n– n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk \u0161t\u00e1bu: adjutant-komandant Jarry
\n– velitel d\u011blost\u0159electva: \u0161\u00e9f eskadrony Baltus
\n– velitel \u017eenijn\u00edho vojska: kapit\u00e1n Barailon<\/p>\n

– 1. brig\u00e1da, brig\u00e1dn\u00ed gener\u00e1l Claude-Joseph Laplanche-Morti\u00e8res (1. a 2. gran\u00e1tnick\u00fd pluk)
\n– 3. brig\u00e1da, brig\u00e1dn\u00ed gener\u00e1l Fran\u00e7ois-Amable Ruffin (5. gran\u00e1tnick\u00fd pluk)<\/p>\n

\u25aa velitel: divizn\u00ed gener\u00e1l Jean-Baptiste-Geraud Duroc
\n– 2. brig\u00e1da, brig\u00e1dn\u00ed gener\u00e1l Pierre-Louis Dupas (3. a 4. gran\u00e1tnick\u00fd pluk)<\/p>\n

– Divizn\u00ed d\u011blost\u0159electvo (1. rota 1. pluku p\u011b\u0161\u00edho d\u011blost\u0159electva a 4. rota 5. pluku j\u00edzdn\u00edho d\u011blost\u0159electva; 2 roty 5. (bis) batalionu d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e9ho tr\u00e9nu) a 2. rota 2. batalionu sap\u00e9r\u016f<\/p>\n

2. brig\u00e1da se st\u0159etla v z\u00e1v\u011bru bitvy s \u010d\u00e1stmi Przybyszewsk\u00e9ho 3. kolony a m\u011bla dva smrteln\u011b ran\u011bn\u00e9, Oudinotova divize se kr\u00e1tce st\u0159etla s ruskou gardou na Star\u00fdch Vinohradech a m\u011bla jednoho smrteln\u011b ran\u011bn\u00e9ho. (7)<\/p>\n

1. \u010dervence 1806<\/span><\/p>\n

\u25aa rozpu\u0161t\u011bna divize z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f, gran\u00e1tnick\u00e9, karabinick\u00e9 a mysliveck\u00e9 roty se vr\u00e1tily ke sv\u00fdm pluk\u016fm. (8)<\/p>\n

21. \u0159\u00edjna 1806<\/span><\/p>\n

\u25aa vyd\u00e1n dekret organizuj\u00edc\u00ed divizi spojen\u00fdch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f a volti\u017e\u00e9r\u016f (division de grenadiers et voltigeurs r\u00e9unis) slo\u017eenou ze 16 batalion\u016f v osmi pluc\u00edch. Ka\u017ed\u00fd batalion tvo\u0159ilo \u0161est elitn\u00edch rot, je\u017e byly vy\u010dlen\u011bny z dopl\u0148ovac\u00edch batalion\u016f pluk\u016f \u0159adov\u00e9 a lehk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty Velk\u00e9 Arm\u00e1dy (9). Prvn\u00ed bataliony pluk\u016f byly tvo\u0159eny gran\u00e1tnick\u00fdmi, nebo karabininick\u00fdmi rotami, druh\u00e9 bataliony rotami volti\u017e\u00e9rsk\u00fdmi. (10)<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n

(1 ) PIGEARD. Dictionnaire de la Grande Arm\u00e9e, s. 313; RIGO. Les Grenadiers d’Oudinot. In: Uniformes 61, s. 22.
\n(2 ) COPPENS (ed.). Tableau g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’arm\u00e9e fran\u00e7aise d’apr\u00e8s l’Almanach imp\u00e9rial pour l’an 13, l’Etat militaire de l’an 13. [http:\/\/www.1789-1815.com\/armee_fr_1804.htm]
\n(3 ) PIGEARD. Dictionnaire de la Grande Arm\u00e9e, s. 313.
\n(4) SIX. Dictionnaire biographique des g\u00e9n\u00e9raux et amiraux, I., s. 612.
\n(5) OUVRARD (ed.). La correspondance de Napol\u00e9on 1er.
\n[http:\/\/www.histoire-empire.org\/correspondance_de_napoleon\/1804\/mai_02.htm]
\n(6) SIX. Dictionnaire biographique des g\u00e9n\u00e9raux et amiraux, II., s. 276.
\n(7) RIGO. Les Grenadiers d’Oudinot. In: Uniformes 61, s. 26.
\n(8) QUINTIN. Austerlitz, 2 d\u00e9cembre 1805, Dictionnaire biographique des officiers, sous-officiers et soldats tu\u00e9s ou mortellement bless\u00e9s a Austerlitz, s. 257.
\n(9) Celkem 36 \u0159adov\u00fdch pluk\u016f (\u010d\u00edslo 3, 4, 8, 12, 14, 18, 21, 22, 24, 27, 30, 32, 33, 34, 39, 40, 44, 45, 51, 54, 57, 59, 61, 63, 64, 65, 69, 72, 76, 85, 88, 94, 95, 96, 105 a 111) a 12 lehk\u00fdch pluk\u016f (\u010d\u00edslo 6, 7, 9, 10, 16, 17, 21, 24, 25, 26, 27 a 28).
\n(10) RIGO. Les Grenadiers d’Oudinot: In: Uniformes 61, s. 26.<\/p>\n