{"id":870,"date":"2008-06-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-06-27T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/davout-postupuje-proti-prespurku\/"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:33:29","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:33:29","slug":"davout-postupuje-proti-prespurku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/davout-postupuje-proti-prespurku\/","title":{"rendered":"Davout postupuje proti Pre\u0161purku"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><BR><BR><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Major G&eacute;n&eacute;ral Davoutovi<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Ebersdorf, 31. kv\u011btna 1809<\/span><\/p>\n<p>C&iacute;sa\u0159, pane v&eacute;vodo z Auerstaedtu, mi na\u0159izuje, abych v&aacute;m ozn&aacute;mil, \u017ee jeho z&aacute;m\u011brem je, abyste nechal dnes vypochodovat, v jednu hodinu odpoledne, jednu ze sv&yacute;ch diviz&iacute; p\u011bchoty, v\u010detn\u011b jej&iacute;ho d\u011blost\u0159electva. Tato divize bude sm\u011b\u0159ovat na Pre&scaron;purk a dnes ustav&iacute; sv&eacute; le\u017een&iacute; tak, aby z&iacute;tra velmi brzy zr&aacute;na dorazila k tomuto m\u011bstu, aby dobyla p\u0159edmost&iacute;, kter&eacute; nep\u0159&iacute;tel obsadil na prav&eacute;m b\u0159ehu.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Davout Napoleonovi<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Hainburg, 2. \u010dervna 1809, p\u016fl t\u0159et&iacute; r&aacute;no<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Sire, jakmile jsem sem, v\u010dera, dorazil, vyslal jsem gener&aacute;la Companse a plukovn&iacute;ka \u017eenijn&iacute;ho vojska Blina prozkoumat nep\u0159&iacute;telovo p\u0159edmost&iacute; na prav&eacute;m b\u0159ehu Dunaje, na &uacute;rovni Pre&scaron;purku.<\/p>\n<p>Z tohoto pr\u016fzkumu vyplynulo, \u017ee nep\u0159&iacute;tel patrn\u011b obsadil, mnoha voj&aacute;ky, ostrov, kter&yacute; je p\u0159&iacute;mo nad Pre&scaron;purkem, \u017ee postavil n&aacute;spy v t&eacute; \u010d&aacute;sti ostrova, kter&aacute; ovl&aacute;d&aacute; cestu z Hainburgu do Pre&scaron;purku, v bl&iacute;zkosti Petr\u017ealky (<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Engerau<\/span>), \u017ee str&aacute;\u017eil siln&yacute;mi postaven&iacute;mi prostor mezi touto cestou a ostrovem, kter&yacute; je pod Pre&scaron;purkem, a \u017ee tak kryl mal&yacute; prost\u0159edn&iacute; ostrov, kter&yacute; je p\u0159ed t&iacute;mto m\u011bstem; nebylo v&scaron;ak z\u0159ejm&eacute;, jestli byly objeven&eacute; n&aacute;spy vyzbrojeny d\u011blost\u0159electvem a jestli byla hl&aacute;&scaron;en&iacute; na&scaron;ich pozorovac&iacute;ch hl&iacute;dek, \u017ee nep\u0159&iacute;tel opev\u0148uje prost\u0159edn&iacute; ostrov a \u017ee tam patrn\u011b m&aacute; d\u011blost\u0159electvo, p\u0159esn&eacute;. Bylo tedy nezbytn&eacute; napadnout nep\u0159&aacute;telsk&aacute; postaven&iacute; p\u0159ed Petr\u017ealkou, abychom s jistotou zjistili, s \u010d&iacute;m lze po\u010d&iacute;tat ohledn\u011b jejich sil a opevn\u011bn&iacute;. Nechal jsem na tento bod vyslat 16. mysliveck&yacute;, 800 voj&aacute;k\u016f p\u011bchoty z Hesensko-Darm&scaron;tadska a dv\u011b d\u011bla, podpo\u0159en&eacute; 85. \u0159adov&yacute;m a lehkou d\u011blost\u0159eleckou rotou 3. divize.<\/p>\n<p>&Uacute;tok byl svi\u017en&yacute;, nep\u0159&iacute;tel byl zatla\u010den a donucen st&aacute;hnout se do vsi Petr\u017ealka, noc n&aacute;m zabr&aacute;nila pozorovat, m&aacute;-li tam n\u011bjak&aacute; opevn\u011bn&iacute;; ale je jist&eacute;, \u017ee, a\u010d jsme na n\u011bj p&aacute;lili z kan&oacute;n\u016f, on z tohoto m&iacute;sta nest\u0159&iacute;lel, ani z ostrova, kter&yacute; je nad Pre&scaron;purkem, zat&iacute;mco st\u0159&iacute;lel z n&aacute;b\u0159e\u017e&iacute; tohoto m\u011bsta a z prost\u0159edn&iacute;ho ostrova. Pozdn&iacute; noc ji\u017e znemo\u017enila tento pr\u016fzkum prohloubit, rozk&aacute;zal jsem, aby se m&eacute; jednotky st&aacute;hly, co\u017e provedly v nejv\u011bt&scaron;&iacute;m po\u0159&aacute;dku, ani\u017e by byly znepokojov&aacute;ny nep\u0159&iacute;telem.<\/p>\n<p>Jednotky Hesensko-Darm&scaron;tadska si vedly velmi dob\u0159e; m\u011bly dvacet a\u017e p\u011btadvacet ran\u011bn&yacute;ch.<\/p>\n<p>Dnes r&aacute;no provedu nov&yacute; pr\u016fzkum na stejn&eacute;m m&iacute;st\u011b se dv\u011bma \u010di t\u0159emi francouzsk&yacute;mi pluky a dvan&aacute;cti d\u011bly. Nepochybuji, \u017ee m\u011b dokonale zprav&iacute; o s&iacute;le, opevn\u011bn&iacute;ch a z&aacute;m\u011brech nep\u0159&iacute;tele, a \u017ee jej p\u0159inut&iacute;m st&aacute;hnout se na prost\u0159edn&iacute; ostrov.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Davout Napoleonovi<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Wolfstadt (<\/span>Wolfstahl<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">), 3. \u010dervna 1809, p\u016flnoc<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Sire, ve chv&iacute;li, kdy jednotky gener&aacute;la Gudina a od\u0159ady r\u016fzn&yacute;ch hesensk&yacute;ch batalion\u016f dobyly ves Petr\u017ealku, je\u017e byla kryta opevn\u011bn&iacute;mi a z&aacute;seky, a zajaly tam asi 300 voj&aacute;k\u016f, vyslal jsem k Va&scaron;emu Veli\u010denstvu plukovn&iacute;ka Bourcka, sv&eacute;ho pobo\u010dn&iacute;ka, s d\u016fstojn&iacute;kem, kter&yacute; je vnukem mar&scaron;&aacute;la de Beaulieu; tito d\u016fstojn&iacute;ci budou moci Va&scaron;emu V\u011bli\u010denstvu podat informace. Opevn\u011bn&aacute; ves a ostrovy byly br&aacute;n\u011bn&eacute; t\u0159iceti d\u011bly, pluky Beaulieu, Duca a Giulay. Tyto pluky byly sou\u010d&aacute;st&iacute; sboru gener&aacute;la Hillera, kter&yacute; mus&iacute; b&yacute;t v okol&iacute; Pre&scaron;purku. Lze dokonce p\u0159edpokl&aacute;dat, \u017ee tento sbor m\u011bl velmi z&aacute;hy man&eacute;vrovat na prav&eacute;m b\u0159ehu Dunaje, s uherskou insurekc&iacute; a mo\u017en&aacute; se sborem arciv&eacute;vody Jana.<\/p>\n<p>Vid\u011bli jsme u &uacute;st&iacute; Moravy, v D\u011bv&iacute;n\u011b (<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Theben<\/span>), skupinu v&iacute;ce ne\u017e &scaron;edes&aacute;ti b&aacute;rek, a ohn\u011b, jich\u017e jsme si dosud v\u016fbec nev&scaron;imli; je pravd\u011bpodobn&eacute;, \u017ee to jsou Hillerovy zb&yacute;vaj&iacute;c&iacute; pluky. Nechal jsem tam vyslat k jeho pozorov&aacute;n&iacute; n\u011bkolik rot a n\u011bkolik jezdc\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Boj trval tak\u0159ka a\u017e do deseti hodin ve\u010der; byl velmi krvav&yacute;. Odhaduji, \u017ee jsme m\u011bli 700 a\u017e 800 mu\u017e\u016f zabit&yacute;ch a ran\u011bn&yacute;ch; state\u010dn&yacute; gener&aacute;l Petit je zahrnut&yacute; v po\u010dtu padl&yacute;ch.<\/p>\n<p>Nep\u0159&iacute;tel se, po zna\u010dn&yacute;ch ztr&aacute;t&aacute;ch a zbyte\u010dn&eacute;m odporu, st&aacute;hl na ostrovy na na&scaron;em prav&eacute;m k\u0159&iacute;dle. M&aacute;m d\u016fvod se domn&iacute;vat, \u017ee je v noci zcela opust&iacute;; nebo\u0165 jsme b\u011bhem akce zpozorovali, \u017ee l&eacute;taj&iacute;c&iacute; most byl st&aacute;le v pohybu, p\u0159ev&aacute;\u017eel jednotky z ostrova do Pre&scaron;purku, odkud se vracel pr&aacute;zdn&yacute;.<\/p>\n<p>Obsazuji vesnici silou. Vyu\u017e&iacute;v&aacute;me n&aacute;stroj\u016f, kter&eacute; ze nep\u0159&iacute;tel zanechal, ke zni\u010den&iacute; jeho opevn\u011bn&iacute;.<\/p>\n<p>Mus&iacute;m p\u0159ed Va&scaron;&iacute;m Veli\u010denstvem pochv&aacute;lit v&scaron;echny gener&aacute;ly a v&scaron;echny jednotky. Vyu\u017eiji t&eacute;to p\u0159&iacute;le\u017eitosti, abych mu p\u0159ipomn\u011bl skv\u011blou slu\u017ebu, j&iacute;\u017e gener&aacute;l Compans, d\u016fstojn&iacute;k skute\u010dn&yacute;ch z&aacute;sluh, prokazoval ve v&scaron;ech sr&aacute;\u017ek&aacute;ch tohoto ta\u017een&iacute;, a po\u017e&aacute;dal je, aby napravilo opomenut&iacute; jm&eacute;na tohoto gener&aacute;la v bulletinech arm&aacute;dy. Mus&iacute;m tak&eacute; zvl&aacute;&scaron;t\u011b vyzdvihnout hesensk&eacute; jednotky, je\u017e soupe\u0159ily ve state\u010dnosti s jednotkami Va&scaron;eho Veli\u010denstva, a hrab\u011bte de Gall, majora vel&iacute;c&iacute;ho t\u011bmto jednotk&aacute;m. Tento velitel prok&aacute;zal nejvy&scaron;&scaron;&iacute; udatnost; mezi d\u016fstojn&iacute;ky a voj&aacute;ky nen&iacute; nikdo, kdo by jej nectil, stejn\u011b jako jeho jednotky.<\/p>\n<p>Vyslal jsem 7. pluku lehk&eacute; p\u011bchoty a 25. \u0159adov&eacute;mu, kter&eacute; byly ve Fischamentu (<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Fischamend<\/span>), rozkaz dostavit se okam\u017eit\u011b sem, aby byly schopny zabr&aacute;nit nep\u0159&iacute;teli vyrazit z t\u011bchto ostrov\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Gener&aacute;l Montbrun p&iacute;&scaron;e gener&aacute;lu Lasallovi, \u017ee se velk&aacute; \u010d&aacute;st uhersk&eacute; insurekce pr&aacute;v\u011b shrom&aacute;\u017edila v Raabu, a \u017ee jedna \u010d&aacute;st vyrazila sem a do Altenburgu. <\/p>\n<p>Pros&iacute;m Va&scaron;e Veli\u010denstvo, aby vydalo rozkaz, aby divize Puthod vyrazila do Petronellu.<\/p>\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit&eacute; nechat pozorovat Dunaj mezi Fischamentem a Petronellem. Gener&aacute;l Compans tam dnes vid\u011bl b&aacute;rku nalo\u017eenou stovkou Raku&scaron;an\u016f, kte\u0159&iacute; pluli na ostrov na &uacute;rovni Elendu. <\/p>\n<p>Zajat&iacute; d\u016fstojn&iacute;ci prohl&aacute;sili, \u017ee dostali rozkaz dr\u017eet se na p\u0159edmost&iacute; do krajnosti.<\/p>\n<p>P.S. &#8211; Dva &scaron;&eacute;fov&eacute; batalionu 12. pluku byli zabiti. Pan Pierre, kter&yacute; velel pluku v zastoupen&iacute; plukovn&iacute;ka, a &scaron;&eacute;f batalionu Hecquet, byli zabiti.<\/p>\n<p>&#8230; (<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">pokra\u010dov&aacute;n&iacute;<\/span>)<\/p>\n<p>Davout\u016fv sbor byl odvol&aacute;n 14. \u010dervna, v r&aacute;mci p\u0159&iacute;prav p\u0159ekro\u010den&iacute; Dunaje u V&iacute;dn\u011b a rozhoduj&iacute;c&iacute; bitvy ta\u017een&iacute; &#8211; Wagramu. Podle podm&iacute;nek p\u0159&iacute;m\u011b\u0159&iacute; uzav\u0159en&eacute;ho b\u011bhem bitvy u Znojma byl Pre&scaron;purk obsazen Francouzi, velitelem byl jmenov&aacute;n gener&aacute;l Reynier.<\/p>\n<p>*) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">N\u011bmeck&yacute; n&aacute;zev m\u011bsta, Pressburg, jeho francouzsk&yacute; p\u0159epis Presbourg, slovensky Pre&scaron;porok \u010di Pre&scaron;porek, \u010desky Pre&scaron;purk je n&aacute;zvem m\u011bsta a\u017e do roku 1919, kdy byl p\u0159ijat&yacute; dne&scaron;n&iacute; n&aacute;zev Bratislava<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm v\u00edkendu prob\u011bhne v Bratislav\u011b vzpom\u00ednkov\u00e1 akce 199. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed boj\u016f o Pre\u0161purk* veden\u00fdch arm\u00e1dn\u00edm sborem mar\u0161\u00e1la Davouta, zah\u00e1jen\u00fdch 1. \u010dervna 1809. Jedn\u00edm z d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch pramen\u016f o t\u00e9to m\u00e1lo zn\u00e1m\u00e9 f\u00e1zi v\u00e1lky roku 1809 je jeho korespondence.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129,69],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-870","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezobrazovat-na-homepage","category-projet-znaim-1809"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/870","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=870"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/870\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1708,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/870\/revisions\/1708"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=870"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=870"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.austerlitz.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=870"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}